A Medical Science Educator’s Guide to Selecting a Research Paradigm: Building a Basis for Better Research

Brown, Megan E. L.; Dueñas, Angelique N.

doi:10.1007/s40670-019-00898-9

Cited by 93 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It is important to consider the lens through which this evaluation was conducted [29]. The paradigm of this evaluation is pragmatism, which focuses on problem solving 'in the real world' and often involves mixedmethods approaches [30].…”

Section: Methodological Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not all who wander are lost: evaluation of the Hull York medical school longitudinal integrated clerkship

Brown

Crampton

Anderson

et al. 2020

Education for Primary Care

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Longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs) are increasingly available within the United Kingdom, but gaps in knowledge remain regarding their efficacy and the influence of local context. In 2019-20, the Hull York Medical School ran a pilot LIC for 6 fourth-year medical students. This work describes the longitudinal qualitative programme evaluation. LIC students participated in two focus groups, one after four months, and another at the end of the programme. In total, 16 faculty were also interviewed regarding their experiences in developing, implementing and running the LIC. Students' GP supervisors were difficult to engage in detailed evaluation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and so were briefly surveyed at the end of the LIC. All data were pooled and analysed together using reflexive thematic analysis. Two major themes were identified: 'Trajectory of the LIC', describing the learning curve students and faculty encounter, and 'Institutional decision making', describing the need for clarity regarding the programme's purpose. The programme was largely positively received, but areas for improvement locally, and transferrable recommendations, were identified. Aligning assessment to programme aims is an important area for future development, alongside balancing structured with unstructured time, and supporting students as they navigate a J-shaped learning curve.

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Section: Methodological Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not all who wander are lost: evaluation of the Hull York medical school longitudinal integrated clerkship

Brown

Crampton

Anderson

et al. 2020

Education for Primary Care

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“…As such, their use best aligns with constructivist ways of viewing the world. Constructivism maintains that there is no one objective reality or way of knowing, instead individuals subjectively construct reality and knowledge 22 …”

Section: Lbm and Paradigmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Love and breakup letter methodology: A new research technique for medical education

et al. 2021

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In everyday life, feelings are important to us, influencing our decision‐making and motivating our actions. This is equally true within medicine and medical education, where feelings influence key aspects such as clinical decision‐making, empathy, resilience, professional identity, reflection, team dynamics, career choices and questions of prejudice and bias. Feelings are therefore legitimate targets in medical education research, but asking research participants to talk openly about feelings can be challenging for participants and researchers alike. Within the disciple of User Experience (UX)—a relatively new research discipline used in the world of technology—researchers also seek to understand their customer's feelings, which are central to aspects of brand loyalty and choice of software platforms. UX researchers have developed innovative ways to explore feelings, in particular through the use of Love and Breakup Methodology (LBM)—participants are asked to write love and breakup letters to the product or app under study, and the letters are then used to guide the focus group discussion that follows. Methods: In this article, we describe the theoretical underpinnings of LBM, including ontological considerations. We also consider how LBM can be successfully used in medical education research and outline how we have adapted it in our own research studies and programme evaluations. Conclusions: Love and breakup letters are creative ways of understanding participants’ positive and negative emotions about the matter under study. LBM has been utilised extensively by UX researchers in technology, but has been little used in medical education. It has rich potential to enhance research approaches to aspects of medicine that are influenced by feelings, including empathy and resilience, team working and many other aspects of professional practice. Although principally a focus group research tool, it can be adapted to other approaches, including questionnaire surveys and individual interviews.

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“…Ref. [ 42 ] Define research paradigm as a guideline used to construct and implement research systems. According to [ 43 ], research paradigm uses ontology, epistemology, and methodology to define the nature of a phenomenon.…”

Section: Research Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology to Investigate Indigenous Solid Waste Systems and Practices in the Rural Areas Surrounding Maseru (Kingdom of Lesotho)

Senekane

Makhene

Oelofse

2021

IJERPH

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Solid waste management (SWM) is the greatest challenge facing environmental protection and human wellbeing in the rural communities of Maseru (Kingsom of Lesotho). A lack of formal waste management (WM) systems in rural areas of Maseru have resulted in different indigenous systems and practices of SWM. Direct observation and descriptive designs will be employed. This is a mixed methods study of qualitative, quantitative and, non-experimental. We obtained data sets from existing official census and statistics of Maseru. We sampled 693 participants from total population of 6917. We received ethical clearance from Research Ethics committee of Health Sciences at the University of Johannesburg, we recruited six field workers. We have preventive equipment (sanitizers, masks, and sterile latex gloves) for COVID-19 infections in place; we have specific design on caps, masks and bags that will identify field workers as they collect data. We will train field workers, administer questionnaires, interview, and observe participants. STATKON will analyse data. The research will share the results with the Ministry of Environment and the community in Lesotho. The results will also be used to educate the rural communities on improved WM. Where weaknesses are identified, mitigation measures can be evaluated and implemented to rectify the negative aspects and improve the systems and practices. The rural communities face challenges such as waste collection services and sanitation facilities and this fact points out that there is a gap in SWM, which favours the existence of indigenous systems and practice of SWM.

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A Medical Science Educator’s Guide to Selecting a Research Paradigm: Building a Basis for Better Research

Cited by 93 publications

References 37 publications

Not all who wander are lost: evaluation of the Hull York medical school longitudinal integrated clerkship

Not all who wander are lost: evaluation of the Hull York medical school longitudinal integrated clerkship

Love and breakup letter methodology: A new research technique for medical education

Methodology to Investigate Indigenous Solid Waste Systems and Practices in the Rural Areas Surrounding Maseru (Kingdom of Lesotho)

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