“…Moreover, stochastic optimisation methods are easy to implement and do not require the calculation of derivatives of the objective function, making the optimisation procedure very robust, which is especially advantageous for the optimisation of largescale, nonlinear, nonconvex problems. The two most important examples of stochastic algorithms that were used to optimise RD processes are the simulated annealing method (Cardoso et al, 2000;Gomez et al, 2006;Kiss et al, 2012) and evolutionary algorithms (Babu and Khan, 2007;Rahman et al, 2008;Urselmann et al, 2011). An evolutionary algorithm was applied in the present work to optimise the RD column described in Section 2.2 towards EMC or DEC selectivity while still having high reactant conversions.…”