A MEMS based amperometric detector for E. Coli bacteria using self-assembled monolayers

Gau, Jen-Jr; Lan, Esther H.; Dunn, Bruce; Ho, Chih‐Ming; Woo, J.C.S.

doi:10.1016/s0956-5663(01)00216-0

Cited by 194 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…When an electrochemical sensor is used, the aptamer must be immobilized only on the WE. 6,14 A conducting polymer, specifically polypyrrole (PPy), mixed with the aptamer is immobilized on the surface of the WE through electrical polymerization. A variety of biosensors have used electrically conducting polymers for the immobilization of biomolecules, including an electrochemical biosensor that detected salivary biomarkers.…”

Section: Electrochemical Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7e10 Previous work has been done using an electrochemical biosensor in which a sensing paradigm was tested and developed. 7,11e13 For example, Gau et al 14 developed a MEMS-based electrochemical biosensor for the amperometric detection of Escherichia coli. The electrochemical detection system resulted from the synergy of microfabricated electrodes, self-assembled monolayers via thiol chemistry, DNA hybridization, and enzyme-mediated signal amplification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Parametric Design Study of an Electrochemical Sensor

Garcia

Chen

Fang

et al. 2010

JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation

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T he development of highly sensitive biosensors for the detection of biomolecules, such as the biomarker interleukin-8 for the early detection of oral cancer, requires optimization of sensor design. To augment the performance of an electrochemical sensor, this study used a microscale, aptamer-based electrochemical sensor for detecting botulinum neurotoxin aptamer hybridization. We first used topedown lithographic processing to define the pattern of the electrodes and then used bottomeup manufacturing to modify the surface molecular properties for reducing nonspecific binding. We systemically examined the effects of the design parameters of an aptamerbased electrochemical sensor. Specifically, five key design parameters were examined: the area of the working electrode (WE), the area of the counter electrode (CE), the separation distance between the WE and CE, the overlap length between the WE and CE, and the aptamer concentration. Through an analysis of the signal and noise generated across variations of the different parameters, the significance of each parameter in sensor performance was determined. In particular, we found that the area of the WE was the only key parameter that influenced the performance of the sensor. The output signal level increased with the area of the WE and the signal-to-noise ratio was about constant in the tested range (i.e., from 0.02 to 4 mm 2 ). ( JALA 2010;15:179-88) INTRODUCTIONElectrochemical biosensors synergize the biological recognition element of a biosensor with an electrochemical transducer and have been used to detect a variety of biological targets, such as uropathogenic bacteria, the hepatitis B virus, and the cholera toxin produced by Vibrio cholerae. 1e4 Amenable to miniaturization, the development of microfabricated electrochemical biosensors has resulted in high sensitivity, portability, improved performance and spatial resolution, low power consumption, and the opportunity for integration with other technologies, such as microfluidics. 5,6 Such advantages enable MicroElectrical-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)-based electrochemical biosensors to identify pathogens present in a variety of mediums and bodily fluids, such as blood, saliva, and air more quickly than previous, laboratory-based detection methods. 7e10 Previous work has been done using an electrochemical biosensor in which a sensing paradigm was tested and developed. 7,11e13 For example, Gau et al. 14 developed a MEMS-based electrochemical biosensor for the amperometric detection of Escherichia coli. The electrochemical detection system resulted from the synergy of microfabricated electrodes, self-assembled monolayers via thiol chemistry, DNA hybridization, and enzyme-mediated signal amplification. 14 Gau's 14 electrochemical biosensor used three microfabricated gold electrodes: a working electrode (WE), a counter electrode (CE), and a reference electrode (RE). Using an identical electrode design, Wei et al. 11 and Wei and Ho 15 detected salivary interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA using a hairpin probe and botulinum ...

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Section: Electrochemical Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Parametric Design Study of an Electrochemical Sensor

Garcia

Chen

Fang

et al. 2010

JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation

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“…An antifluorescein antibody labelled with peroxidase was then used to amplify the signal, followed by amperometric detection of peroxidase activity. The authors reported detection at approximately 10 3 E. coli cells with this method [24].…”

Section: Developments In Established Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A method of identifying bacteria using ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was tested using E coli in a mix containing Bordetella bronchiseptica [24]. After single-stranded DNA capture of rRNA from the bacteria on a selfassembled monolayer, the bacteria were tagged with another single-stranded DNA probe labelled with fluorescein.…”

Section: Developments In Established Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioshock: Biotechnology and Bioterrorism

Moorchung

Sharma

Mehta³

2009

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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In the recent past, the threat of a global bioterrorist attack has increased dramatically. In addition to the already existing microorganisms and techniques, the recent explosion in biotechnology has considerably added to the arsenal of the bioterrorist. Molecular technologies are now available which can be used by committed bioterrorist groups to manipulate and modify microorganisms so as to make them increasingly infectious, virulent or treatment resistant for causing maximum casualties. Infectious diseases which are likely to be used as bioweapons are Anthrax, Botulism, Plague, Smallpox and Brucella. Molecular techniques like immunoassays and nucleic acid amplification are now available to detect bioattacks. This article discusses the threat of bioterrorism. It also evaluates the molecular diagnostic methods and the future of early containment of a bioterrorist attack using molecular techniques. MJAFI 2009; 65 : 359-362

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“…Besides, these methods are costly and time consuming. Because of its great importance as faecal contaminant indicator in waters, the development of biosensors to detect and quantify E. coli has been extensively studied and there are a very large number of new methods and improvements to reference methods (Choi et al, 2007;Deobagkar et al, 2005;Gau et al, 2001;Yáñez et al, 2006;Liu & Li, 2002;Simpson & Lim 2005;Tang et al, 2006;Yoo et al, 2007;Yu et al, 2009 The immunological methods are the most widely used as recognition methods (Bharadwaj et al, 2011;Duplan et al, 2001;Fu et al, 2010;Guven et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2011;Karsunke et al, 2009;Know et al, 2010;Luo et al, 2010;Park et al, 2008;Wolter et al, 2008;Yoon et al, 2009;Yu et al 2009), but nucleic acid capture probe are starting to gain some (Baudart & Lebaron, 2010;Bruno et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2008;Geng et al, 2011;Li et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2009;). The use of aptamers instead of antibodies [Abs] as capture probes are increasing due to the advantages they present against Abs.…”

Section: Bacteria Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%