A Meta-Analysis of Compassion-Based Interventions: Current State of Knowledge and Future Directions

Kirby, James N.; Tellegen, Cassandra L.; Steindl, Stanley R.

doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.06.003

Cited by 607 publications

(470 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Overall, the changes experienced by the high‐adherence group presented medium effect sizes, which indicates that participation in the training programme enhanced mindfulness skills and self‐compassionate attitudes, and promoted positive outcomes, that is, subjective well‐being. The results are consistent with the findings from a meta‐analysis by Kirby et al (), who found that compassion‐based interventions generally produced medium effect‐size changes in outcome variables such as self‐compassion, mindfulness and well‐being, among others. Neff and Germer () found changes of a large and moderate magnitude for self‐compassion and mindfulness, respectively, following participation in the MSC training, which was assessed through a randomised controlled trial design.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Mindfulness is a fundamental component of most trainings that aim to cultivate compassionate attitudes towards other people and the self. Various interventions focused on training compassion and/or self‐compassion through mindfulness‐based practices have been shown to produce changes in a wide range of symptoms and well‐being‐related outcomes (Kirby, ; Kirby, Tellegen, & Steindl, ). For instance, the Mindful Self‐Compassion (MSC) programme is intended for use in clinical and non‐clinical settings (Neff & Germer, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the Mindful Self‐Compassion programme on clinical and health psychology trainees' well‐being: A pilot study

Bernabé

Gómez-Martínez

Crego

et al. 2020

Clinical Psychologist

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Background Clinical and health psychologists are often exposed to occupational hazards, such as burnout and compassion fatigue, which originate from emotional demands at work. Mindful Self‐Compassion (MSC) training has been demonstrated to be useful in increasing well‐being and enhancing mental health. Although the use of the MSC programme in educational contexts has been suggested, an evaluation of its efficacy as a method to improve the competencies of trainees in clinical psychology has yet to be performed. Methods Our study used a sample of 61 adults (88.5% women) attending postgraduate courses in clinical and health psychology who participated in an 8‐week MSC programme. Their levels of self‐compassion, mindfulness, well‐being, anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention. Based on the participants' adherence to the MSC programme, two groups were created, that is, high (n = 30) versus low (n = 31) adherence. Results The participants in the high‐adherence group benefitted from the MSC programme because they increased their self‐compassion, mindfulness and psychological well‐being scores. The extent to which the participants reported to have been committed to the MSC practice was associated with changes in self‐compassion, mindfulness and psychological well‐being. Furthermore, the changes in self‐compassion were significantly correlated with changes in mindfulness and psychological well‐being. Conclusion The MSC programme offers a promising way to develop professional competencies and enhance the well‐being of trainees in clinical psychology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Mindful Self‐Compassion programme on clinical and health psychology trainees' well‐being: A pilot study

Bernabé

Gómez-Martínez

Crego

et al. 2020

Clinical Psychologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Self-compassion skills may assist cancer survivors by facilitating self-care in the face of adversity. A recent meta-analysis of RCTs using compassion-based interventions with mental health populations shows medium effects on anxiety (d = .49) and depression (d = .64; Kirby, Tellegen, & Steindl, 2017). A recent meta-analysis of RCTs using compassion-based interventions with mental health populations shows medium effects on anxiety (d = .49) and depression (d = .64; Kirby, Tellegen, & Steindl, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could worry and rumination mediate relationships between self‐compassion and psychological distress in breast cancer survivors?

Brown

Hughes

Campbell

et al. 2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Many breast cancer (BCa) patients experience clinically significant anxiety and depression in survivorship. Self-compassion offers a bulwark to anxiety and depression in nonclinical, mental health, and some chronic physical health populations. We examined whether self-compassion predicted lower anxiety and depression symptoms in survivors and whether this might be mediated by lower worry and rumination. The design was a cross-sectional survey using self-report measures. Female adult BCa survivors of mixed stages who had finished primary surgical, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy treatments completed self-compassion subscales and worry, rumination, and anxiety and depression scales. Higher self-compassion subscale scores were negatively associated with anxiety and depression. Depressive brooding and worry mediated any effects of self-kindness and mindfulness on depression and anxiety, whereas common humanity directly predicted lower depression scores.Findings are consistent with the view that self-compassion reduces threat-related rumination and worry in BCa survivors, consequently reducing anxiety and depression. This may form a basis for prevention and treatment.

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“…Although many psychotherapies predominantly target barriers to functioning, positive psychology approaches focus on building resources to support functioning. A range of compassion‐based therapies exist, which share the principle that compassion is a powerful method of regulating threat‐based emotions such as shame and self‐criticism (Kirby, Tellegen, & Steindl, ). Compassion has been defined as “a sensitivity to suffering in self and others, with a commitment to try to alleviate and prevent it” (Gilbert, , p.19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abuse, invalidation, and lack of early warmth show distinct relationships with self‐criticism, self‐compassion, and fear of self‐compassion in personality disorder

Guerrero

Feigenbaum

2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Background Cultivating self‐compassion is increasingly recognized as a powerful method to regulate hyperactive threat processes such as shame and self‐criticism, but fear of self‐compassion (FSC) can inhibit this. These difficulties are underexplored in personality disorder (PD) despite their prevalence. Furthermore, little evidence exists regarding how these factors relate to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and attachment. Method Fifty‐three participants with a diagnosis of PD completed measures including childhood abuse/neglect, invalidation, early warmth, self‐compassion, shame, self‐criticism, FSC, and anxious/avoidant attachment. Results Self‐compassion was predicted uniquely by low early warmth; self‐inadequacy by invalidation and abuse; and FSC by multiple ACEs. FSC and self‐compassion were significantly correlated with self‐criticism and shame, but not with one another. Conclusions Low self‐compassion and high FSC appear to be distinct problems, substantiating physiological models proposing distinct threat and soothing systems. Results are consistent with theories positing that low self‐compassion has distinct origins to shame, self‐criticism, and FSC.

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A Meta-Analysis of Compassion-Based Interventions: Current State of Knowledge and Future Directions

Cited by 607 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of the Mindful Self‐Compassion programme on clinical and health psychology trainees' well‐being: A pilot study

Effects of the Mindful Self‐Compassion programme on clinical and health psychology trainees' well‐being: A pilot study

Could worry and rumination mediate relationships between self‐compassion and psychological distress in breast cancer survivors?

Abuse, invalidation, and lack of early warmth show distinct relationships with self‐criticism, self‐compassion, and fear of self‐compassion in personality disorder

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