A meta-analysis of heart rate variability in major depression

Koch, Celine; Wilhelm, Marcel; Salzmann, Stefan; Rief, Winfried; Euteneuer, Frank

doi:10.1017/s0033291719001351

Cited by 293 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Finally, the lack of consensus regarding the relation between HRV and depression could also be related to specific characteristics of depression such as the melancholic feature (Borrione et al, 2018), suggesting that depression measures could influence this association with regard to the weight of some items. Anyway, a recent meta-analysis has confirmed that unmedicated depressed patients were lower on HRV than controls (Koch et al, 2019). Further, in a non-clinical sample, depression symptoms were higher when HRV was lower (Paniccia et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotion Regulation Difficulties Are Not Always Associated With Negative Outcomes on Women: The Buffer Effect of HRV

et al. 2020

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The Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is regularly associated with depression and trait emotion regulation. However, the interaction between HRV and emotional disturbances is still debated. Only a few studies indicate that HRV moderates the effect of personality traits involved in psychopathological disorders. Since the regulation of emotions is a transdiagnostic factor for most psychological disorders, this study aimed to explore whether HRV moderates the relationship between trait emotion dysregulation and depressive symptoms. We collected data from 148 participants via online questionnaires and HRV measurements at rest. Results show for the 114 female remaining in the study that whereas high emotion regulation difficulties led to higher depressive symptoms severity when resting HRV is low, depressive symptoms remain stable in the same condition but when resting HRV is high. Overall, high resting HRV appears to dampen the consequences of trait emotion regulation difficulties. Further studies are needed to confirm this result, but this suggests that usual response tendencies could be overcome by deactivating or inhibitory processes such as those implied in cognitive flexibility reflected through HRV, according to the neurovisceral integration model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotion Regulation Difficulties Are Not Always Associated With Negative Outcomes on Women: The Buffer Effect of HRV

et al. 2020

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“…Within this framework, repeated findings reporting the high occurrence of autonomic cardiac alterations among individuals with depression have underlined the potential role of the ANS regulation in the pathophysiological mechanisms of depression (e.g., Hartmann et al, 2019). Several studies in this field support the notion that depression is characterized by an altered autonomic activity, with an increased sympathetic and/or a decreased parasympathetic nervous system activity (Gentili et al, 2017;Koch et al, 2019;Patron et al, 2012;Siever and Davis, 1985;Udupa et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reduced heart rate variability is associated with vulnerability to depression

Dell’Acqua

Bò

Benvenuti

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) mirrors cardiac autonomic modulation, an index of well-being. Reduced HRV has been reported in depression, but few studies investigated HRV in individuals at-risk of or remitted from a full-blown depressive episode. The present study aimed at examining whether reduced HRV could be a potential indicator of vulnerability to depression. Methods: Self-reported psychological measures and three-minute resting-state ECG were collected in two at-risk populations [group with dysphoria (n = 27), group with past depression (n = 16)] and in a control group (n = 25). Time- and frequency-domain HRV parameters were computed. Analysis of covariance was conducted to detect between-groups differences for each measure. Results: Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal intervals (SDNN) and High Frequency (HF) power of HRV were found to be reduced both in individuals with dysphoria and in those with past depression as compared with controls. Whereas psychological measures did not significantly differ among individuals with past depression and controls, HRV was capable of discriminating between the two groups. Limitations: Past depression was assessed retrospectively with self-reported information. The inclusion of a group with depression would provide an overview about HRV during the illness course. Conclusions: The findings suggest that reduced HRV is likely to be implicated in the risk of developing full-blown depression, rather than being a mere correlate of current depressive state. The results suggest that HRV may improve the ability to early identify people at risk for depression who can benefit from targeted prevention by psychiatric and psychological interventions.

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“…Heart rate variability (HRV), that is, spontaneous oscillations of heart rate around its mean value, is determined by the dynamic interaction of the acceleratory sympathetic nervous system and deceleratory parasympathetic nervous system, indicating a healthy and adaptive organism. Despite the fact that deficient cardiac vagal control indexed by HRV is a common finding in major depression [72,73], a recent study concluded that parasympathetic predominance may precede the onset of depression, thus indicating a risk factor for future major depression [74]. Therefore, HRV analysis represents a promising biomarker-a noninvasive window into neurocardiac regulatory inputs in MDD.…”

Section: Role Of Autonomic Nervous System In Depressive Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insight into Neuroimmune Regulatory Mechanisms and Biomarkers Linking Major Depression and Vascular Diseases: The Dilemma Continues

Tonhajzerová

Sekaninova

Olexova

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a serious health problem estimated to affect 350 million people globally. Importantly, MDD has repeatedly emerged as an etiological or prognostic factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, including vascular pathology. Several linking pathomechanisms between MDD and CVD involve abnormal autonomic regulation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction as an early preclinical stage of atherosclerosis. However, the cause of accelerated atherosclerosis in MDD patients remains unclear. Recently, the causal relationships between MDD and mediator (e.g., inflammation and/or endothelial dysfunction), as well as the causal pathways from the mediator to atherosclerosis, were discussed. Specifically, MDD is accompanied by immune dysregulation, resulting in increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), which could lead to depression-linked abnormalities in brain function. Further, MDD has an adverse effect on endothelial function; for example, circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction (e.g., soluble adhesion molecules, von Willebrand factor) have been linked with depression. Additionally, MDD-linked autonomic dysregulation, which is characterized by disrupted sympathovagal balance associated with excessive circulating catecholamines, can contribute to CVD. Taken together, activated inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation could affect gradual atherosclerosis progression, resulting in a higher risk of developing CVD in MDD. This review focused on the pathomechanisms linking MDD and CVD with respect to neuroimmune regulation, and the description of promising biomarkers, which is important for the early diagnosis and personalized prevention of CVD in major depression.

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A meta-analysis of heart rate variability in major depression

Cited by 293 publications

References 83 publications

Emotion Regulation Difficulties Are Not Always Associated With Negative Outcomes on Women: The Buffer Effect of HRV

Emotion Regulation Difficulties Are Not Always Associated With Negative Outcomes on Women: The Buffer Effect of HRV

Reduced heart rate variability is associated with vulnerability to depression

Novel Insight into Neuroimmune Regulatory Mechanisms and Biomarkers Linking Major Depression and Vascular Diseases: The Dilemma Continues

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