A Meta-Analysis of Injuries in Senior Men’s Professional Rugby Union

Williams, Seán; Trewartha, Grant; Kemp, Simon; Stokes, Keith

doi:10.1007/s40279-013-0078-1

Cited by 289 publications

(505 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Where injury incidences were not reported per 1000 player hours, the following equation was used to calculate the incidence of injury (Eq. 1): [4]: *Match duration, using the factor 1.33, based on standard 80-min game.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rugby union consists of two teams of 15 players competing to ground the ball over the opposition goal line by carrying, passing and kicking, while rugby league is played with teams of 13 players. Due to the differing laws and nature of contact events within these codes, as outlined by Freitag et al [2] the incidence, mechanism and nature of injuries varies [3,4]. In this review, rugby union (hereafter 'rugby') was the sole focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A meta-analysis evaluating the incidence of match injuries in senior professional male rugby players found an overall pooled incidence rate of match injuries of 81/1000 player hours [4]. In comparison, the incidence in adolescent and youth players has been found to be 26.7/ 1000 player hours [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrocardiograms of Children and Adolescents Practicing Non-competitive Sports: Normal Limits and Abnormal Findings in a Large European Cohort Evaluated by Telecardiology

et al. 2016

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Background Rugby union is a physically demanding, fullcontact team sport that has gained worldwide popularity. The incidence of injury in rugby union has been widely reported in the literature. While comprehensive injury surveillance and prevention programmes have been implemented within the professional game, there is a need for similar strategies in the amateur game. Despite recent increases in the volume of research in rugby, there is little consensus regarding the true incidence rate of match and training injuries in senior amateur male rugby union players. Objective The aim of the current review was to systematically review the available evidence on the epidemiology of time-loss injuries in senior amateur male rugby union players and to subsequently conduct a meta-analysis of the findings. Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus and Google Scholar electronic databases was performed using the following keywords; ('rugby' OR 'rugby union') AND ('amateur' OR 'community') AND ('injur*' OR 'pain*'). Six articles regarding the incidence of injury in senior amateur male rugby union players, in both matches and training, were retrieved and included in the meta-analysis to determine the overall incidence rate of match injury, with descriptive analyses also provided for other reported variables. Results The overall incidence rate of match injuries within senior amateur rugby union players was 46.8/1000 player hours [95% confidence interval (CI) 34.4-59.2]. Contact events accounted for the majority of injuries, with the tackler more at risk than the player being tackled, and with respective incidence rates of 15.9/1000 player hours (95% CI 12.4-19.5) and 12.2/1000 player hours (95% CI 9.3-15.1). Conclusion This meta-analysis found that the incidence rate of injury in amateur rugby union players was lower than that in professional players, but higher than the incidences reported in adolescent and youth rugby players. By understanding the true incidence and nature of injuries in rugby, injury prevention strategies can best be implemented. Future prevention strategies may best be aimed towards the tackle area, specifically to the tackler, in order to minimize injury risk. 2. The incidence rate of injury in senior male amateur rugby union players appears to be lower than that in professional players, but higher than the incidences reported in adolescent and youth rugby players.3.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Electrocardiograms of Children and Adolescents Practicing Non-competitive Sports: Normal Limits and Abnormal Findings in a Large European Cohort Evaluated by Telecardiology

et al. 2016

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“…[1,4] If a concussed player is allowed to continue playing, the risk for sustaining a further concussion with more severe or prolonged symptoms is greatly increased.…”

Section: Leaving No Concussion Unreportedmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-field identification and management of concussion in amateur rugby union

Brown

2017

SA J. Sports Med.

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Background: Rugby is a popular team sport and due to its contact nature carries a relatively high potential for injury, including concussion. Moreover, it is estimated that as much as 50% of concussions are not reported due to a variety of reasons, including not considering the injury to be sufficiently serious or not wanting to miss game time. Objectives: The aim of this brief review was to investigate and summarise current best practice for on-field identification and on-field management of concussion in amateur rugby. Methods: PubMed and ClinicalKey were searched between September and December 2014 for articles in the five years preceding the search dates. The latest versions of the Consensus Statement for Concussion in Sports and World Rugby's concussion guidelines were also consulted. Results: Based on this search strategy, eight systematic reviews, one physician information article and four patient guidelines were investigated. Four reviews specifically described an "action plan" for on-field evaluation and management. Education of key stakeholders could reduce the number of unreported concussions. Once identified or suspected, concussions should be managed according to best practice procedures, which include removing the player from play immediately and consulting a medical doctor. If a medical doctor is not immediately available on the field tools such as the BokSmart on-field pocket "Concussion Guide", and World Rugby's "Pocket Concussion Recognition Tool", are freely available online. Conclusion: Stakeholder education (including players, parents, teachers, coaches, referees, spouses) on both the on-field identification and management of concussions could reduce under-reporting and improve the overall management of concussed rugby players.

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“…Além do rúgbi caracterizar-se como um esporte de contato e de muita exigência física, os movimentos específicos como maul, ruck, scrum (formação ordenada) e tackle (placagem) aumentam significativamente o risco de lesões musculoesqueléticas durante os treinamentos e jogos [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Apesar das lesões na região da cabeça e dos membros inferiores ainda serem as mais comumente reportadas, alguns estudos têm relatado um aumento na frequência de lesões na articulação do ombro, tanto em atletas profissionais como amadores [4,[9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desempenho muscular isocinético dos ombros em atletas de rúgbi

Tadiello¹,

Santos²,

Scopel³

et al. 2017

Sci Med

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RESUMOOBJETIVOS: Verificar a existência de assimetrias dos músculos rotadores externos e internos entre os dois ombros, em atletas amadores de rúgbi do gênero masculino. MÉTODOS: Avaliações isocinéticas de atletas amadores do rúgbi masculino foram acessadas a partir do banco de dados do Instituto de Medicina do Esporte e Ciências Aplicadas ao Movimento Humano da Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Foram incluídas as avaliações do ombro e excluídos os casos sem assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido Institucional do IME-UCS prévia ao teste. O dinamômetro isocinético foi utilizado no modo concêntrico-concêntrico para os rotadores externos e internos dos músculos dos ombros nas velocidades angulares de 60°/s e 180°/s. Foram analisados os valores do pico de torque e da razão rotadores externos/internos dos ombros desses atletas. Para verificar a existência de assimetrias entre os dois lados do mesmo indivíduo, foi utilizado o teste T de Student e considerado o nível de significância de <0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados os dados de 12 atletas homens. Na análise do pico de torque na velocidade angular de 60º/s, os valores médios da musculatura do membro dominante apresentaram-se significativamente superiores quando comparados ao não dominante: rotadores externos, 43,35±4,72 Nm no membro dominante versus 38,92±4,22 Nm no membro não dominante (p=0,0012); rotadores internos, 65,58±11,88 Nm no membro dominante versus 61,69±11,98 Nm no membro não dominante (p=0,0021). A 180º/s, os valores médios do membro não dominante apresentaram uma tendência a valores inferiores quando comparado ao membro dominante, mas sem significância estatística. Com relação aos valores médios da razão rotadores externos/internos, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativa em nenhuma das velocidades angulares analisadas. CONCLUSÕES: Os atletas amadores de rúgbi apresentaram um desempenho muscular inferior do membro não dominante quando comparado ao membro dominante na análise do pico de torque. Essa diferença não havia sido encontrada nos demais estudos com atletas de rúgbi e acreditamos que este resultado se justifique pela falta de treinamentos mais frequentes e adequados desses atletas amadores. DESCRITORES: força muscular; ombro; atletas; rúgbi.ABSTRACT AIMS: To verify the existence of shoulder external and internal rotator muscle asymmetries in male amateur rugby athletes. METHODS: Isokinetic evaluations of male amateur rugby athletes were accessed from the database of the Institute for Sports Medicine and Applied Sciences in Human Movement of Universidade de Caxias do Sul (IME-UCS). Shoulders evaluated were included in the study, whereas those cases without a free and informed consent form signed prior to the test were excluded. The isokinetic dynamometer was used in a concentric-concentric mode for the shoulder external and internal rotators at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. The peak torque and the external to internal rotator ratio were analyzed. Student's t test and a significance leve...

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A Meta-Analysis of Injuries in Senior Men’s Professional Rugby Union

Cited by 289 publications

References 49 publications

Electrocardiograms of Children and Adolescents Practicing Non-competitive Sports: Normal Limits and Abnormal Findings in a Large European Cohort Evaluated by Telecardiology

Electrocardiograms of Children and Adolescents Practicing Non-competitive Sports: Normal Limits and Abnormal Findings in a Large European Cohort Evaluated by Telecardiology

On-field identification and management of concussion in amateur rugby union

Desempenho muscular isocinético dos ombros em atletas de rúgbi

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