A meta-analysis of milk production responses to increased net energy intake in Scandinavian dairy cows

Jensen, Casper Bruun; Østergaard, Søren Dinesen; Schei, I.; Bertilsson, J.; Weisbjerg, M.R.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2015.02.009

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The partition of NE L shifted from milk to body reserves with increasing NE L above maintenance supply. In agreement with our study, curvilinear milk yield and energy-corrected milk responses to, respectively, ME and NE L were reported in the meta-analyses of Huhtanen and Nousiainen (2012) and Jensen et al (2015). Increased MP supply may increase the partition of energy towards milk because it was associated with a small, but significant, decrease in EB, as previously reported (Ørskov et al, 1987;Law et al, 2009;Brun-Lafleur et al, 2010).…”

Section: Milk Responsessupporting

confidence: 92%

Milk yield and milk composition responses to change in predicted net energy and metabolizable protein: a meta-analysis

Daniel

Friggens

Chapoutot

et al. 2016

animal

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Using a meta-analysis of literature data, this study aimed to quantify the dry matter (DM) intake response to changes in diet composition, and milk responses (yield, milk component yields and milk composition) to changes in dietary net energy for lactation (NE L ) and metabolizable protein (MP) in dairy cows. From all studies included in the database, 282 experiments (825 treatments) with experimentally induced changes in either NE L or MP content were kept for this analysis. These treatments covered a wide range of diet characteristics and therefore a large part of the plausible NE L and MP contents and supplies that can be expected in practical situations. The average MP and NE L contents were, respectively (mean ± SD), 97 ± 12 g/kg DM and 6.71 ± 0.42 MJ/kg DM. On a daily supply basis, there were high between-experiment correlations for MP and NE L above maintenance. Therefore, supplies of MP and NE L above maintenance were, respectively, centred on MP supply for which MP efficiency into milk protein is 0.67, and NE L above maintenance supply for which the ratio of NE L milk/NE L above maintenance is 1.00 (centred variables were called MP 67 and NE L100 ). The majority of the selected studies used groups of multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in mid lactation, milked twice a day. Using a mixed model, between-and within-experiment variation was split to estimate DM intake and milk responses. The use of NE L100 and MP 67 supplies substantially improved the accuracy of the prediction of milk yield and milk component yields responses with, on average, a 27% lower root mean square error (RMSE) relative to using dietary NE L and MP contents as predictors. For milk composition (g/kg), the average RMSE was only 3% lower on a supply basis compared with a concentration basis. Effects of NE L and MP supplies on milk yield and milk component yields responses were additive. Increasing NE L supply increases energy partitioning towards body reserve, whereas increasing MP supply increases the partition of energy towards milk. On a nitrogen basis, the marginal efficiency decreases with increasing MP supply from 0.34 at MP 67 = −400 g/day to 0.07 at MP 67 = 300 g/day. This difference in MP 67 supply, assuming reference energy level of NE L100 = 0, equates to a global nitrogen efficiency decrease from 0.82 to 0.58. The equations accurately describe DM intake response to change in dietary contents and milk responses to change in dietary supply and content of NE L and MP across a wide range of dietary compositions.Keywords: dairy cow, milk composition, energy, protein, meta-analysis Implications Current feed evaluation systems are not suitable to predict animal responses to dietary changes. This paper quantifies average dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition responses to change in net energy and metabolizable protein. The equations were derived from a meta-analysis of literature studies, which assembles a large number of dairy cow rations with a large range in dietary net energy and metabolizable protein contents.

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Section: Milk Responsessupporting

confidence: 92%

Milk yield and milk composition responses to change in predicted net energy and metabolizable protein: a meta-analysis

Daniel

Friggens

Chapoutot

et al. 2016

animal

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“…Roque et al [ 11 ] reported a 11.6% milk yield reduction at 1.0% OM inclusion, and Stefenoni et al [ 24 ] a 15.2% reduction at 0.75% DM inclusion. Feed intake is the main driver for milk yield [ 25 ], and lower feed intake can explain lower milk yield. The smaller reduction in milk yield in the current study on days one to six compared to other studies can partially be explained by a less pronounced reduction in DMI due to the irregular uptake of the seaweed mix by several cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Transfer Study: Transfer of Bromoform Present in Asparagopsis taxiformis to Milk and Urine of Lactating Dairy Cows

Muizelaar

Groot

Duinkerken

et al. 2021

Foods

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Enteric methane (CH4) is the main source of greenhouse gas emissions from ruminants. The red seaweeds Asparagopsis taxiformis (AT) and Asparagopsis armata contain halogenated compounds, including bromoform (CHBr3), which may strongly decrease enteric CH4 emissions. Bromoform is known to have several toxicological effects in rats and mice and is quickly excreted by the animals. This study investigated the transfer of CHBr3 present in AT to milk, urine, feces, and animal tissue when incorporated in the diet of dairy cows. Twelve lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, representing the target dose (low), 2× target dose (medium), and 5× target dose (high). The adaptation period lasted seven days, and subsequently cows were fed AT for 22 days maximally. The transfer of CHBr3 to the urine at days 1 and 10 (10–148 µg/L) was found with all treatments. On day 1, CHBr3 was detected in the milk of most cows in the low and medium treatment groups (9.1 and 11 µg/L, respectively), and detected in the milk of one cow in the high treatment group on day 9 (35 µg/L). Bromoform was not detected in milk and urine at day 17, nor at concentrations above the detection limit in feces and collected animal tissues. Two animals (low) were sacrificed, and their rumen wall showed abnormalities. Upon histological examination, signs of inflammation became visible. Animals regularly refused the feed or distinctively selected against AT. In conclusion, within the confines of the present experiment, CHBr3 does not accumulate in animal tissue, but can be excreted in urine and milk.

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“…However, the efficiency of NE L for milk was lower for autumn silage compared to spring. Decreased efficiency is commonly seen at increased DM intake (Jensen et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of spring versus autumn grass/clover silage and rapeseed supplementation on milk production, composition and quality in Jersey cows

Larsen

Vogdanou

Hellwing

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Research

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The composition of grass/clover silage varies depending on time of harvest time. In particular silage from late regrowths is expected to contain lower fibre and higher linolenic acid concentrations compared to spring growth, thereby autumn silage is expected to increase linolenic acid content of milk fat. Rapeseed supplementation is expected to increase milk production and to increase all C18 fatty acids in milk fat. An interaction between rapeseed and silage type is expected, as hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in rapeseed is expected to be less when low fibre silage is fed. Thirty-six Jersey cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, for 4 periods of 3 weeks and with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: spring grass/clover silage from primary growth or autumn grass/clover silage which was an equal mixture of 3rd regrowth and 4th regrowth, with or without rapeseed supplementation. Dry matter intake and milk production was higher for autumn than for spring silage. Rapeseed supplementation did not affect dry matter intake, but increased milk production. The concentrations of C18 : 1cis9, C18 : 2n6 and β-carotene and C18 : 3n3 in milk were increased whereas the concentrations of C16 : 0, riboflavin and α-tocopherol were decreased with autumn silage. The majority of C18 FAs in milk and α-tocopherol concentration increased with rapeseed whereas C11 : 0 to C16 : 0 FA were reduced. Autumn silage reduced biohydrogenation of C18 : 2n6, whereas rapeseed increased biohydrogenation of C18 : 2n6 and reduced biohydrogenation of C18 : 3n3. Apparent recovery of C18 : 2n6 was reduced with rapeseed. Minor interaction effects of silage type and rapeseed addition were observed for some milk fatty acids. Feeding silage from late regrowth increased linolenic acid concentration in milk fat. Rapeseed inclusion increased milk production, and increased C18 : 0 as well as C18 : 1 fatty acids, but not C18 : 2 and C18 : 3 in milk fat. Interactions between silage type and rapeseed supplementation were minimal.

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A meta-analysis of milk production responses to increased net energy intake in Scandinavian dairy cows

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Milk yield and milk composition responses to change in predicted net energy and metabolizable protein: a meta-analysis

Milk yield and milk composition responses to change in predicted net energy and metabolizable protein: a meta-analysis

Safety and Transfer Study: Transfer of Bromoform Present in Asparagopsis taxiformis to Milk and Urine of Lactating Dairy Cows

Effect of spring versus autumn grass/clover silage and rapeseed supplementation on milk production, composition and quality in Jersey cows

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