A Meta-Analysis of Published Literature on Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Risk of Breast Cancer

Connolly, Barbara S.; Barnett, C. M.; Vogt, Kelly; Li, Tong; Stone, Jennifer; Boyd, Norman F.

doi:10.1207/s15327914nc4402_02

Cited by 136 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…2,3,12,13,14 Our results of a decrease in risk of premenopausal breast cancer with increasing thorax and waist circumferences are in agreement with previous studies. 2,12,15 The decrease in risk observed with increasing WHR is in disagreement with past studies and reviews, 3,6,12,[15][16][17] which found a possible increase in risk of premenopausal breast cancer with increasing WHR. The highest increase in risk was observed in Männistö's analysis of a case-control study, with an RR of 4.6 (2.0-10.7) for women with a WHR greater than 0.87 compared with those with a WHR less than 0.78.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…5 However, most studies on these indices 4 have produced conflicting results and although abdominal obesity is likely to be positively related to postmenopausal breast cancer, it seems not to be predictive of premenopausal breast cancer risk. In a recent meta-analysis, 6 an increase in breast cancer risk was associated with abdominal obesity, assessed by WHR, irrespective of menopausal status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Several anthropometric measurements and breast cancer risk: results of the E3N cohort study

Téhard

Clavel‐Chapelon

2005

Int J Obes

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Objective: To investigate the association between various anthropometric characteristics and breast cancer. Design: Longitudinal prospective cohort study. Follow-up between 1995 and 2000. Subjects: In total, 69 116 women (age: 45-70 years; mean follow-up: 3.6 years), 275 premenopausal and 860 postmenopausal incident invasive breast cancers. Measurements: Self-reported height, weight, breast, thorax, waist and hip circumferences and calculated body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) at baseline. Results: A slight increase in risk with increasing height was found. Weight, BMI, thorax and waist circumferences and WHR were negatively related to breast cancer risk among premenopausal women. The relationships became non significant after additional adjustment for BMI. An increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer with an android body shape (WHR40.87) might possibly be confined to obese women. Among postmenopausal women, all anthropometric measurements of corpulence were positively associated with breast cancer risk but became non significant after additional adjustment for BMI. No difference in risk of postmenopausal breast cancer according to HRT use was observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Several anthropometric measurements and breast cancer risk: results of the E3N cohort study

Téhard

Clavel‐Chapelon

2005

Int J Obes

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“…It is widely accepted that being overweight, traditionally defined as having a body mass index (BMI; obtained by dividing the individual's weight in kilograms by height in metres squared) 425 kg/m 2 , is a major risk factor for a wide range of chronic diseases and injuries including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type II diabetes, and certain sitespecific cancers including colorectal and breast cancer (Connolly et al, 2002;Chouraki et al 2008). A recent report from the Prospective Studies Collaboration, which was based on 466 000 deaths, estimated that optimal survival is achieved at a BMI of 22.5-25 kg/m 2 with reductions in life expectancy of 3 and 10 years in individuals with moderate (BMI 30-35 kg/m 2 ) and extreme obesity (BMI 40-50 kg/m 2 ), respectively, the latter being equivalent to the years lost by lifetime smoking (Prospective Studies Collaboration, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index, waist circumference and waist:hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular risk—a review of the literature

et al. 2009

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Overweight and obesity have become a major public health problem in both developing and developed countries as they are causally related to a wide spectrum of chronic diseases including type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, uncertainty regarding the most appropriate means by which to define excess body weight remains. Traditionally, body mass index (BMI) has been the most widely used method by which to determine the prevalence of overweight in, and across, populations as well as an individual's level of risk. However, in recent years, measures of central obesity, principally waist circumference and the waist:hip ratio and to a lesser extent the waist:height ratio, which more accurately describe the distribution of body fat compared with BMI, have been suggested to be more closely associated with subsequent morbidity and mortality. There is also uncertainty about how these measures perform across diverse ethnic groups; earlier, most of the evidence regarding the relationships between excess weight and risk has been derived chiefly from Caucasian populations, and hence, it remains unclear whether the relationships are consistent in non-Caucasian populations. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to provide an overview of the current evidence-base focusing predominantly on three main questions: (1) Which, if any, of the commonly used anthropometric measures to define excess weight is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk? (2) Which of the anthropometric measures is a better discriminator of risk? and (3) Are there any notable differences in the strength and nature of these associations across diverse ethnic groups?

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“…Several studies have suggested a direct association between components of metabolic syndrome and BC risk (Xue and Michels, 2007;Vona-Davis et al, 2007;Rosato et al, 2011). Therefore, low HDL-cholesterol (Furberg et al, 2004), high blood glucose (Muti et al, 2002), high triglycerides (Potischman et al, 1991), postmenopausal overweight (World Cancer Research Fund, 2007), abdominal obesity (Connolly et al, 2002), hypertension (Soler et al, 1999), high levels of insulin (Hirose et al, 2003), C peptide (Verheus et al, 2006), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (Campagnoli et al, 2008), have all been associated with increased BC risk. Metabolic and hormonal factors related to metabolic syndrome have also been implicated in BC prognosis (Goodwin et al, 2002;Rock et al, 2002;Pasanisi et al, 2006;Agnoli et al, 2010;Tsugane and Inoue, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes, Overweight and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Uruguay

Ronco¹,

Stéfani²,

Deneo‐Pellegrini³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Obese postmenopausal women increase their risk of developing breast cancer (BC), in particular if they display an android-type pattern of adiposity, which is also associated to increased risks of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. In order to explore the associations among anthropometry (body mass index, body composition, somatotype), some specific items of medical history (diabetes, hypertension, dislypidemias, hyperuricemia) and the risk of BC in Uruguayan women, a case-control study was carried out between 2004-2009 at our Oncology Unit. 912 women of ages between 23-69 years (367 new BC cases and 545 non hospitalized, age-matched controls with a normal mammography) were interviewed. Twenty body measurements were taken in order to calculate body composition and somatotype. Patients were queried on socio-demographics, reproductive history, family history of cancer, a brief food frequency questionnaire and on personal history of diabetes, dislypidemias, hyperuricemia, hypertension and gallbladder stones. Uni-and multivariate analyses were done, generating odds ratios (ORs) as an expression of relative risks. A personal history of diabetes was positively associated to BC risk (OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.00-2.69), being higher among postmenopausal women (OR=1.92, 95% CI 1.04-3.52). The risks of BC for diabetes in postmenopausal women with overweight combined with dislypidemia (OR=9.33, 95% CI 2.10-41.5) and high fat/muscle ratio (OR=7.81, 95% CI 2.01-30.3) were significantly high. As a conclusion, a personal history of diabetes and overweight was strongly associated to BC. The studied sample had a subset of high-risk of BC featured by postmenopausal overweight and diabetic women, who also had a personal history of hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. The present results could contribute to define new high risk groups and individuals for primary as well as for secondary prevention, since this pattern linked to the metabolic syndrome is usually not considered for BC prevention.

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A Meta-Analysis of Published Literature on Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Risk of Breast Cancer

Cited by 136 publications

References 50 publications

Several anthropometric measurements and breast cancer risk: results of the E3N cohort study

Several anthropometric measurements and breast cancer risk: results of the E3N cohort study

Body mass index, waist circumference and waist:hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular risk—a review of the literature

Diabetes, Overweight and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Uruguay

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