A meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy and safety of Bailing capsules in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome

Abstract

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is extremely harmful to human health. Bailing capsules can reduce proteinuria and improve renal function in patients with NS. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Bailing capsules in the treatment of NS.Methods: Systematic searches of the English-language databases PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science, as well as the Chinese-language databases China Academic Journals Full-text Database (CJFD), Wanfang Data, and Weipu (VIP), were performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Bailing capsules in the treatment of NS were included in the meta-analysis. The total effective rate and adverse reaction rate were evaluated with relative risk (RR) and the quantitative data was evaluated with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The quality of the included articles was evaluated using RevMan5.3 software, and the "meta" package of R3.5.1 software was used for all other statistical analysis.Results: A total of 20 papers involving 819 and 824 patients in the treatment group and the control group, respectively, were included. The total effective rate and adverse reaction rate after treatment were reported in 17 and 2 articles, respectively. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 1.22 times that of the control group (I 2 =0%, fixed-effects model, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.27), and the adverse reaction rate of the treatment group was 0.22 times that of the control group (I 2 =0%, fixed-effects model, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.63). The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) before and after treatment were reported in 15 articles, with SMDs of −0.98 (I 2 =50%, fixed-effects model, 95% CI: −1.10, −0.87) and −1.47 (I 2 =96%, random-effects model, 95% CI: −2.08, −0.86), respectively. Meanwhile, 13 articles reported the level of 24-hour proteinuria before and after treatment, with an SMD of −1.25 (I 2 =92%, fixed effects model, 95% CI: −1.73, −0.78). Conclusions:For NS patients, treatment with Bailing capsules can achieve higher clinical efficacy and a lower adverse reaction rate than conventional treatment in improving the function of kidney.

Bailing Capsule combined with α-ketoacid tablets for stage 3 chronic kidney disease

“…[ 16 ] Also, it has been reported that BCs could effectively improve the kidney function in patients with nephrotic syndrome and type 2 diabetic nephropathy. [ 14 , 15 ] Although the combination of BC and KA against CKD was rarely reported in high-quality designed trials. In this study, we try to conduct a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial to observe whether BC combined with KA could alleviate the symptoms of fatigue, anorexia, halitosis, nausea, itching, and edema, improve kidney function in patients with stage 3 CKD.…”

“…Compound KA administration could function in renoprotective effect as adjunctive therapy for CKD [16] . Also, it has been reported that BCs could effectively improve the kidney function in patients with nephrotic syndrome and type 2 diabetic nephropathy [14,15] . Although the combination of BC and KA against CKD was rarely reported in high-quality designed trials.…”

“…Studies have shown that BC could regulate human immune function, [11][12][13] repair renal tubular epithelial cells, prevent renal tubular atrophy, and reduce kidney damage to improve renal function. [14,15] Our group tried to use the combination of BC and KA to treat CKD patients, and we preliminarily found the therapy could improve the symptoms of fatigue and dizziness to improve the quality of life. However, there are few highquality studies to observe the efficacy of BCs and a-ketoacid tablets in the treatment of stage 3 CKD.…”

“…It is composed of Cordyceps mycelium, which is rich in a variety of trace elements, amino acids, adenosine, and cordycepin to improve blood circulation, inhibit neurotransmitter release and regulate adenylate cyclase activity. Studies have shown that BC could regulate human immune function, [11–13] repair renal tubular epithelial cells, prevent renal tubular atrophy, and reduce kidney damage to improve renal function [14,15] . Our group tried to use the combination of BC and KA to treat CKD patients, and we preliminarily found the therapy could improve the symptoms of fatigue and dizziness to improve the quality of life.…”

Bailing capsule (Cordyceps sinensis) ameliorates renal triglyceride accumulation through the PPARα pathway in diabetic rats

“…Previous clinical research found that Bailing Capsule could reduce proteinuria and improve renal function in DN ( Sheng et al, 2020 ), nephrotic syndrome (NS) ( Xu et al, 2020 ), lupus nephritis patients ( Ren et al, 2019 ) and renal transplant recipients ( Wang et al, 2013 ). Moreover, Bailing Capsule combined with Western medicine, has better efficacy than Western medicine alone to treat kidney diseases by reducing urine protein and protecting kidney function ( Hu et al, 2021 ; Yu et al, 2021 ).…”