A Meta-analysis of the Effect of HIV Prevention Interventions on the Sex Behaviors of Drug Users in the United States

Trends of HIV Risk Behaviors in a Cohort of Injecting Drug Users and Their Sex Partners in Miami, Florida, 1988–1998

“…As other studies have indicated, although some interventions have demonstrated effective changes in drug injection behaviors (Coyle et al, 1998;Gibson et al, 1998;Kotranski et al, 1998;Margolin et al, 2003), behavioral interventions are still needed to address the high-risk sexual behaviors practiced by active drug users and their sex partners (Sharma et al, 2002;Semaan et al, 2002). The data presented in this paper suggest the need for continuing efforts in preventing new infections as well as new strategies to provide prevention services to drug users living with HIV.…”

“…Interventions to decrease high-risk drug and sexual risk as well as to increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS were being implemented nationwide (Booth and Watters, 1994;Gibson et al, 1998;Semaan et al, 2002;Stephens et al, 1993). All individuals in our sample had attended at least one of two intervention programs which were part of the original 1988 NADR study and all had received preand posttest counseling in 1988.…”

“…Interventions targeted toward IDUs have been around since the late 1980s, some of which reported short-term efficacy in reducing risk behaviors (Booth and Watters, 1994;Gibson et al, 1998;Semaan et al, 2002). In some instances, brief pre-and posttest counseling alone was sufficient to reduce risk behavior (Gibson et al, 1999).…”

The Impact of a Brief Motivational Intervention on Unprotected Sex and Sex While High Among Drug-Positive Emergency Department Patients Who Receive STI/HIV VC/T and Drug Treatment Referral as Standard of Care

“…In this context it is not altogether surprising that the B-MI provided no additional incremental benefit. A protocol for VC/T and referral to substance abuse treatment, if delivered appropriately, is expected to produce major effects [4,6,[29][30][31]. Control group improvements have also been reported in a large number of randomized controlled trials of brief alcohol interventions [32].…”

“…Although our patients had access to medical and substance abuse services, access to mental health services was very limited in our setting. It has also been recommended that HIV risk reduction efforts target both the community context of environmental and opportunity structure as well as individual level change [6,30,33]. These recommendations have relevance and merit considering that Project SAFE had a heterogeneous population of participants, very high levels of PTSD, intimate partner violence, co-morbid psychiatric conditions, homelessness and low socioeconomic status.…”