A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Different Exercise Modes on Inflammatory Response in the Elderly

Zhao, Haotian; He, Zhijian; Yun, Hezhang; Wang, Ruifu; Liu, Chang

doi:10.3390/ijerph191610451

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Aside from significantly lower LPS-induced CCL-2 release in whole-blood cultures, we observed no further significant changes in inflammatory markers on protein or gene expression levels in our control group, receiving only exercise. This is unexpected, since it has been reported that exercise in general is improving the inflammatory response in old adults [ 7 ]. However, our results are in line with another study, which observed no changes in IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α on protein and gene expression levels after nine weeks of vibration training (3 days/week) in community-dwelling old adults [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The term “inflamm-aging” has recently been extended to “inflamm-inactivity”, since it is recognized that a sedentary lifestyle causes a relevant proportion of inflammatory processes [ 5 ], which are reversible with regular exercise even in higher age, as different meta-analyses have shown [ 6 , 7 ]. Furthermore, a lower dietary inflammatory burden has been associated with lower systemic inflammation in old adults [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Exercise and Omega-3-Supplemented, High-Protein Diet on Inflammatory Markers in Serum, on Gene Expression Levels in PBMC, and after Ex Vivo Whole-Blood LPS Stimulation in Old Adults

Haß

Heider

Kochlik

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Inflammaging is related to cell senescence and reflects an erratic immune system, which promotes age-associated diseases. Exercise and nutrition, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, are able to affect inflammation. Therefore, we examined the effects of an 8-week exercise and dietary intervention on the inflammatory response in community-dwelling old adults. All participants received weekly vibration and home-based resistance exercise. Furthermore, participants were randomized to either a control, high-protein (1.2–1.5 g/kg), or high-protein, omega-3-enriched (2.2 g/day) diet. Before and after treatment, inflammatory markers in fasting serum and after whole-blood ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation were assessed. Gene expression levels of inflammatory markers were quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Sixty-one participants (age: 70.6 ± 4.7 years; 47% men) completed the study. According to generalized linear mixed models, a high-protein, omega-3-enriched diet decreased circulating anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL-) 10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA). Sex-stratified analyses showed also significantly reduced pro-inflammatory markers in men with a high-protein, omega-3-enriched diet. Gene expression of IL-1RA was significantly reduced after both protein-enriched diets compared with controls. In comparison to a high-protein diet, exercise alone showed lower LPS-induced release of c-c motif chemokine ligand-2 (CCL-2), which tended to be more pronounced in men compared with women. Eight weeks of a high-protein, omega-3-enriched diet combined with exercise decreased circulating anti-inflammatory markers, and pro-inflammatory markers in men. A high-protein diet attenuated anti-inflammatory markers on gene expression level in PBMC. Exercise alone resulted in a lower pro-inflammatory response to LPS-exposure in whole-blood cultures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise and Omega-3-Supplemented, High-Protein Diet on Inflammatory Markers in Serum, on Gene Expression Levels in PBMC, and after Ex Vivo Whole-Blood LPS Stimulation in Old Adults

Haß

Heider

Kochlik

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…However, a link between cardioprotection induced by exercise and decreased endothelial activation remains to be established. Exercise has been shown to increase the bioavailability of NO, specifically eNO and IL-6, both of which play an anti-inflammatory role [ 105 , 106 , 107 ]. It is important to note that excessive, prolonged, and strenuous overtraining can lead to damaging oxidative stress, with an attendant decrease in NO bioavailability.…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Pulsatile Shear Stress Modifies Endothelial Activation; A Narrative Review

2022

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The monolayer of cells that line both the heart and the entire vasculature is the endothelial cell (EC). These cells respond to external and internal signals, producing a wide array of primary or secondary messengers involved in coagulation, vascular tone, inflammation, and cell-to-cell signaling. Endothelial cell activation is the process by which EC changes from a quiescent cell phenotype, which maintains cellular integrity, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, to a phenotype that is prothrombotic, pro-inflammatory, and permeable, in addition to repair and leukocyte trafficking at the site of injury or infection. Pathological activation of EC leads to increased vascular permeability, thrombosis, and an uncontrolled inflammatory response that leads to endothelial dysfunction. This pathological activation can be observed during ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and sepsis. Shear stress (SS) and pulsatile shear stress (PSS) are produced by mechanical frictional forces of blood flow and contraction of the heart, respectively, and are well-known mechanical signals that affect EC function, morphology, and gene expression. PSS promotes EC homeostasis and cardiovascular health. The archetype of inducing PSS is exercise (i.e., jogging, which introduces pulsations to the body as a function of the foot striking the pavement), or mechanical devices which induce external pulsations to the body (Enhanced External Pulsation (EECP), Whole-body vibration (WBV), and Whole-body periodic acceleration (WBPA aka pGz)). The purpose of this narrative review is to focus on the aforementioned noninvasive methods to increase PSS, review how each of these modify specific diseases that have been shown to induce endothelial activation and microcirculatory dysfunction (Ischemia reperfusion injury-myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest and resuscitation), sepsis, and lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis syndrome (LPS)), and review current evidence and insight into how each may modify endothelial activation and how these may be beneficial in the acute and chronic setting of endothelial activation and microvascular dysfunction.

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“…Calisthenics causes improvements in balance, muscle strength, mobility, cognition, sleep disorders, aerobic capacity, and emotional problems (9,(11)(12)(13). While the effects of different kinds of exercises on depression, fatigue, and sleep disorders in elders have been widely discussed (1,(14)(15)(16), it has been recorded that calisthenic exercises for elders are not as focused on young adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Calisthenic Exercises on Sleep Quality, Fatigue, and Depression in Elder Adults

Cetıslı-korkmaz,

Kara-cakıcı,

Doğru-hüzmeli

et al. 2023

Türk Fizyoterapi Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi

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Purpose: The physical, psychological, even economic and environmental changes emerged with age cause problems in sleep. The lack of exercise habits could increase the incidence of unfavorable sleep disorders with depression and fatigue. The aim of this non-randomized controlled study was to investigate the considerable effects of calisthenic exercises on sleep disorders, depression, and fatigue in elder adults. Methods: The study was conducted at Pamukkale University and Hatay Mustafa Kemal University. Sixty-two individuals participated in the study between May 2018-October 2019. While the Calisthenic Group (n=32) performed calisthenic exercises for 30-45minutes/session and 3days/6weeks, and Control Group (n=30) did not performed. Fatigue, depression, and sleep quality levels were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Scale (BDI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Results: Statistically significant differences among FSS (p≤0.001), BDI (p=0.022), and PSQI (p=0.006) scores were found in the Calisthenic Group after the intervention, while there were differences only in fatigue (p=0.035) and total sleep quality (p=0.035) for the Control Group. We found that the Calisthenic Group’s PSQI latency, PSQI sleep duration and PSQI total scores decreased in post-treatment. Both fatigue severity (p≤0.001) and depression levels (p≤0.001) were highly correlated with PSQI-subscores, except for sleep duration subscore (FSS p=0.934, BDI p=0.276). Conclusion: Regular calisthenic exercise programs may enable elders to better manage changes in the aging process. Physiotherapists should consider including calisthenic exercises in the rehabilitation programs for its effects on all parameters of sleep, fatigue, mental and emotional status in this population.

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A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Different Exercise Modes on Inflammatory Response in the Elderly

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Exercise and Omega-3-Supplemented, High-Protein Diet on Inflammatory Markers in Serum, on Gene Expression Levels in PBMC, and after Ex Vivo Whole-Blood LPS Stimulation in Old Adults

Effects of Exercise and Omega-3-Supplemented, High-Protein Diet on Inflammatory Markers in Serum, on Gene Expression Levels in PBMC, and after Ex Vivo Whole-Blood LPS Stimulation in Old Adults

Non-Invasive Pulsatile Shear Stress Modifies Endothelial Activation; A Narrative Review

The Effects of Calisthenic Exercises on Sleep Quality, Fatigue, and Depression in Elder Adults

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