A meta-analytic review of personality traits and their associations with mental health treatment outcomes

Bucher, Meredith A.; Suzuki, Takakuni; Samuel, Douglas B.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.04.002

Cited by 134 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Fourth, researchers should apply the AMPD in intervention studies for identifying severity and maladaptive traits as predictors, moderators, and end points of treatment effects (cf. [309,310]). Currently, there is only a single study showing that the LPFS-BF can be used as an outcome measure in a 3month residential treatment program [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief but Comprehensive Review of Research on the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Zimmermann

Kerber

Kappelmann

et al. 2019

Curr Psychiatry Rep

262

212

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Purpose of Review Both the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) and the chapter on personality disorders (PD) in the recent version of ICD-11 embody a shift from a categorical to a dimensional paradigm for the classification of PD. We describe these new models, summarize available measures, and provide a comprehensive review of research on the AMPD. Recent Findings A total of 237 publications on severity (criterion A) and maladaptive traits (criterion B) of the AMPD indicate (a) acceptable interrater reliability, (b) largely consistent latent structures, (c) substantial convergence with a range of theoretically and clinically relevant external measures, and (d) some evidence for incremental validity when controlling for categorical PD diagnoses. However, measures of criterion A and B are highly correlated, which poses conceptual challenges. Summary The AMPD has stimulated extensive research with promising findings. We highlight open questions and provide recommendations for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief but Comprehensive Review of Research on the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Zimmermann

Kerber

Kappelmann

et al. 2019

Curr Psychiatry Rep

262

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The clinical significance of the present findings merits further development. Traditionally, high Agreeableness in adult lifespan is thought to be a positive trait of personality being associated with increased subjective well-being (39), better outcome in mental health treatments (40), less disengagement coping (41), and less sexual aggressive behavior (42). In old age, higher Agreeableness levels have been instead associated with poorer executive performance and neurocognitive functions (43)(44)(45) and medically unexplained symptoms (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

et al. 2020

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The mentalizing network (MN) treats social interactions based on our understanding of other people's intentions and includes the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), temporoparietal junction (TPJ), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus (PC), and amygdala. Not all elders are equally affected by the aging-related decrease of mentalizing abilities. Personality has recently emerged as a strong determinant of functional connectivity in MN areas. However, its impact on volumetric changes across the MN in brain aging is still unknown. To address this issue, we explored the determinants of volume decrease in MN components including amyloid burden, personality, and APOE genotyping in a previously established cohort of 130 healthy elders with a mean follow-up of 54 months. Personality was assessed with the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory-Revised. Regression models corrected for multiple comparisons were used to identify predictors of volume loss including time, age, sex, personality, amyloid load, presence of APOE epsilon 4 allele, and cognitive evolution. In cases with higher Agreeableness scores, there were lower volume losses in PCC, PC, and amygdala bilaterally. This was also the case for the right mPFC in elders displaying lower Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. In multiple regression models, the effect of Agreeableness was still observed in left PC and right amygdala and that of Conscientiousness was still observed in right mPFC volume loss (26.3% of variability, significant age and sex). Several Agreeableness (Modesty) and Conscientiousness (order, dutifulness, achievement striving, and self-discipline) facets were positively related to increased volume loss in cortical components of the MN. In conclusion, these data challenge the beneficial role of higher levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness in old age, showing that they are associated with an increased rate of volume loss within the MN.

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“…Some have suggested the use of personality traits in personnel recruitment, sales, and marketing [3]. Personality traits have been hypothesized to be clinically useful for diagnosis, client conceptualization, treatment planning, as well as for predicting treatment outcomes, potential strengths, and barriers to treatment [4].…”

Section: Background and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of personality types based on enneagram in a Turkish sample: A web-based cross-sectional study

Aktürk¹,

Taştan

2020

Ortadogu Tıp Derg

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Objectives: Although the Enneagram is known for hundreds of years, research in this area is scarce. The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency of personality types of a Turkish-speaking sample and compare the rates of different personalities with demographic data. Methods: The Tastan Personality Types Inventory, an instrument based on Enneagram, was hosted at Google Forms and made available via the university's academic web page. Online responses were collected between 08.04.2015 and 22.8.2019. Participants of the study were Turkish speaking people aged adolescents and adults. Results: Results for 1646 participants were analyzed. The mean (±SD) age was 29.48±11.03 years. The most commonly encountered main personality type was number 2, "the helper," (n=335, 20.4%), while number 8, "the challenger" was the most frequently encountered personality wing (284, 17.3%). The frequency of type 8 personality was decreasing with increasing age, while the reverse was true for type 3 personality (χ 2 =130.623, p<0.001). While the type 1 personality was more common among males (n=51 (9.5%) vs. n=63 (5.7%)), the type 4 was almost twice common among females (n=48 (8.9% vs. n=183 (16.5%)) (χ 2 =28.835, p<0.001). Also, the probability of type 1 personality was increasing as the level of education increased (χ 2 =67.316, p<0.001). Conclusion: There are differences in the personality types of the studied population concerning demographic variables. These findings imply that personality is not a lifelong constant entity, but it can change with age and education. Further studies should investigate the relationship of the Enneagram personality types with certain disease entities in defined populations.

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A meta-analytic review of personality traits and their associations with mental health treatment outcomes

Cited by 134 publications

References 79 publications

A Brief but Comprehensive Review of Research on the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

A Brief but Comprehensive Review of Research on the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders

Personality Factors' Impact on the Structural Integrity of Mentalizing Network in Old Age: A Combined PET-MRI Study

Frequency of personality types based on enneagram in a Turkish sample: A web-based cross-sectional study

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