A Meta-Analytic Review of Stopping Performance in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Deficient Inhibitory Motor Control?

Lijffijt, Marijn; Kenemans, J. Leon; Verbaten, Marinus N.; Engeland, Hermán van

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.2.216

Cited by 534 publications

(541 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the moderator variable age, no significant difference in effect size was found between children and adults with ADHD, indicating that the increase in interference is independent of age. In a meta-analysis of stop-task studies, Lijffijt et al (2005) found that the deficiency in stopping did hardly exceed that in general reaction time in children, whereas it clearly did so in adults. Stroop interference scores, if validly determined, account for differences in general reaction time, but differences in interference between ADHD and control are equal for child and adult samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroop interference and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review and meta-analysis.

Lansbergen¹,

Kenemans²,

Engeland³

2007

Neuropsychology

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Previous reviews and meta-analyses that addressed abnormal Stroop interference in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) yielded mixed results. The authors of the present study argue that the inconsistencies may reflect the problematic nature of 2 frequently used methods to quantify Stroop interference-the difference score and Golden's method (C. J. Golden, 1978). Golden's method correction for base-word reading is inadequate, and the difference score is sensitive to the nature of the outcome variable. The latter can be remedied with a ratio score. Contrasting previous meta-analyses, this meta-analysis covers all age groups and all Stroop test variants, and it excludes studies using the Golden quantification method. Mean effect sizes for interference in ADHD as quantified by difference scores relative to control scores were 0.24 across all studies but 1.11 for time-per-item studies; outcome variable was a significant moderator variable, reflecting the sensitivity of the difference score to this variable. Consistency analysis of ratio scores across 19 studies reveals more interference for the ADHD groups relative to the control groups. It is concluded that interference control is consistently compromised in individuals with ADHD.Keywords: meta-analysis, Stroop interference, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Stroop color and word task Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined by inappropriate degrees of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Barkley (1997) suggested that behavioral disinhibition is the primary deficit in ADHD (predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type and combined type) and distinguished three interrelated forms of behavioral inhibition. The first form is inhibition of an initial prepotent response to an event, that is, a response for which immediate reinforcement is available or with which reinforcement has been previously associated. The second form is stopping an ongoing response or response pattern. This causes a delay in the decision to respond or to continue responding. The third form is interference control, defined as protecting the period of delay and self-directed responses that occur within it from disruption by competing events and responses.Continuous performance tests (CPTs) and stop-signal tasks can be used to assess both inhibition of prepotent responses and stopping of ongoing responses. Several reviews and meta-analyses (Corkum & Siegel, 1993;Lijffijt, Kenemans, Verbaten, & van Engeland, 2005;Losier, McGrath, & Klein, 1996;Oosterlaan, Logan, & Sergeant, 1998;Riccio, Reynolds, & Lowe, 2001) demonstrated that individuals with ADHD perform worse on a CPT and stop-signal task as compared with normal control participants, reflecting poor response inhibition in ADHD patients. The Stroop test (Stroop, 1935) can be used to quantify interference control. Inconsistent findings have been reported regarding deficient interference control in ADHD. Stroop Test and ADHDThree versions of the Stroop test have been used in ADHD research: the standard Stroop ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroop interference and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review and meta-analysis.

Lansbergen¹,

Kenemans²,

Engeland³

2007

Neuropsychology

Self Cite

258

184

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Section: Theoretical Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, individuals with BN who display other impulsive behaviors (e.g., truancy, stealing, drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, self-injury) may have a worse treatment prognosis compared to those without such multiple indicators of impulsivity (Wiederman & Pryor, 1996). Individuals with BN have even been found to show inhibitory control deficits on a stop-signal task (Nederkoorn, Van Eijs, & Jansen, 2004), a computerized neuropsychological measure on which youth with ADHD-C have been established to show deficient performance (Lijffijt, Kenemans, Verbaten, & van Engeland, 2005).Third, children with ADHD are at high risk for concurrent problems in parent-child and peer relationships (Asarnow, 1988), two domains that may be related to BN symptoms. It is well documented that children with ADHD have more conflictual relationships with their parents than do children without ADHD (Johnston & Mash, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating pathology among adolescent girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Mikami¹,

Hinshaw²,

Patterson³

et al. 2008

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Investigated prospectively-assessed eating pathology (body image dissatisfaction and bulimia nervosa symptoms) among an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of adolescent girls with ADHD-Combined Type (ADHD-C; n=93), ADHD-Inattentive Type (ADHD-I; n=47), and a comparison group (n=88). The sample, initially aged 6-12 years, participated in a 5-year longitudinal study (92% retention rate). After statistical control of relevant covariates, girls with ADHD-C at baseline showed more eating pathology at follow-up than did comparison girls; girls with ADHD-I were intermediate between these two groups. Baseline impulsivity symptoms, as opposed to hyperactivity and inattention, best predicted adolescent eating pathology. With statistical control of ADHD, baseline peer rejection and parent-child relationship problems also predicted adolescent eating pathology. The association between punitive parenting in childhood and pathological eating behaviors in adolescence was stronger for girls with ADHD than for comparison girls. Results are discussed in terms of the expansion of longitudinal research on ADHD to include female-relevant domains of impairment, such as eating pathology.Keywords attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); girls; eating pathology; bulimia nervosa; body image dissatisfaction It is well known that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at risk for delinquency, academic failure, substance abuse, and depression/anxiety in adolescence (Barkley, 2002;Mannuzza & Klein, 2000). Yet research has not examined relationships between ADHD and adolescent eating pathology, considered in this study to be body dissatisfaction and maladaptive bingeing/purging behaviors symptomatic of bulimia nervosa (BN). In this introduction, we review (a) reasons why such investigation has been limited, (b) theoretical rationale as to why ADHD and eating pathology may be linked, (c) existing research on this question, and (d) the potential for differential predictions regarding the ADHDInattentive (ADHD-I) vs. ADHD-Combined (ADHD-C) types.Address correspondence to Amori Yee Mikami, Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, P.O. Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400; mikami@virginia.edu. NIH Public Access Lack of Research on ADHD and Eating PathologyTwo factors that have limited the investigation of links between ADHD and eating pathology are the strong preponderance of males in the ADHD literature, far exceeding the community male:female ratio of 3:1 (Hinshaw & Blachman, 2005), and the focus on children as opposed to adolescents with ADHD. Eating pathology overwhelmingly affects females-who outnumber males 9:1 in diagnoses of BN and 3:1 in subclinical BN symptoms and body image dissatisfaction (Sweeting & West, 2002)-and post-pubertal adolescents (Stice, Presnell, & Bearman, 2001). A prospective longitudinal sample of girls with ADHD followed into adolescence is required to conduct a sensitive test of risk for eating pathology, yet this type of sample is...

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“…D1/D5 signalling mediates executive abilities including working memory , attention (Bayer et al, 2000;Granon et al, 2000), motor control (Dreher and Jackson, 1989;Meyer, 1993), and reward and reinforcement mechanisms (Beninger and Miller, 1998). Impairment of those functions is often observed in individuals with ADHD (Arnsten and Li, 2005b;Lijffijt et al, 2005;Luman et al, 2005;Martinussen et al, 2005;Willcutt et al, 2005). Moreover, a recent study in rodents suggested that D1 stimulation contributes to cognitive-enhancing effects of methylphenidate, a leading treatment for ADHD (Arnsten and Dudley, 2005a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the G protein subunit Gαolf gene (GNAL) in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Laurin

Ickowicz

Pathare

et al. 2008

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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The dopamine system plays an important role in the regulation of attention and motor behavior, subsequently, several dopamine-related genes have been associated with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Among them are the dopamine receptors D1 and D5 that mediate adenylyl cyclase activation through coupling with G s -like proteins. We thus hypothesized that the G s -like subunit Gα olf , expressed in D1-rich areas of the brain, contributes to the genetic susceptibility of ADHD. To evaluate the involvement of the Gα olf gene, GNAL, in ADHD, we examined the inheritance pattern of 12 GNAL polymorphisms in 258 nuclear families ascertained through a proband with ADHD (311 affected children) using the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT). Categorical analysis of individual marker alleles demonstrated biased transmission of one polymorphism in GNAL intron 3 (rs2161961; P = 0.011). We also observed significant relationships between rs2161961 and dimensional symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/ impulsivity (P = 0.003 and P = 0.008). In addition, because of recent evidence of imprinting at the GNAL locus, secondary analyses were split into maternal and paternal transmissions to assess a contribution of parental effects. We found evidence of strong maternal effect, with preferential transmission of maternal alleles for rs2161961A (P = 0.005) and rs8098539A (P = 0.035). These preliminary findings suggest a possible contribution of GNAL in the susceptibility to ADHD, with possible involvement of parent-of-origin effects.

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A Meta-Analytic Review of Stopping Performance in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Deficient Inhibitory Motor Control?

Cited by 534 publications

References 54 publications

Stroop interference and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review and meta-analysis.

Stroop interference and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review and meta-analysis.

Eating pathology among adolescent girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Investigation of the G protein subunit Gαolf gene (GNAL) in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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