A Metabonomics Approach to Drug Toxicology in Liver Disease and its Application in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Abstract

Background: The progression of liver disease causes metabolic transformation in vivo and thus affects corresponding endogenous small molecular compounds. Metabonomics is a powerful technology which is able to assess global low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites in a biological system. This review is intended to provide an overview of a metabonomics approach to the drug toxicology of diseases of the liver. Methods: The regulation of, and relationship between, endogenous metabolites and diseases of the liver is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the metabolic pathways involved in drug interventions of liver diseases are reviewed. Evaluation of the protective mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in liver diseases using metabonomics is also reviewed. Examples of applications of metabolite profiling concerning biomarker discovery are highlighted. In addition, new developments and future prospects are described. Results: Metabonomics can measure changes in metabolism relating to different stages of liver disease, so metabolic differences can provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of various diseases. Conclusion: Metabonomics has great advantages in all aspects of the therapy of liver diseases, with good prospects for clinical application.

Changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension

“…Multiple omics and bioinformatics analyses are widely used to investigate the molecular mechanism of various diseases [ 15 , 16 ]. However, the combination of determining the gut microbiota and metabolomics analysis in PAH has not been reported.…”

Da-Chai-Hu Decoction Ameliorates High Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Remodeling the Gut Microbiota and Modulating the Serum Metabolism

“…Metabolomics could identify and quantify the levels of metabolites systematically and could be used to elucidate the pathogenesis of diseases and the mechanisms of drugs on metabolic levels (Su et al, 2018). Metabolites are metabolic byproduct biomolecules with low molecular weights that serve as signaling molecules and energy sources during various biological processes.…”

Tetrahydroxy stilbene glycoside attenuates acetaminophen‐induced hepatotoxicity by UHPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS‐based metabolomics and multivariate data analysis

“…Metabonomics is a powerful technology that is able to assess global low‐molecular‐weight endogenous metabolites in a biological system (Su et al, 2019). The principal metabolites associated with the liver disease include trimethylamine oxide, taurine, betaine, glucose, creatine, creatinine, α‐ketoglutaric acid, citrate, succinate, lactate, leucine, choline, glycine, hippurate, acetate, pyruvate, and alanine (Su, Chen, et al, 2017a; Su, Wang, et al, 2017).…”

“…Meanwhile, by Luminex we determined what kind of inflammatory factors were the most affected by TSG. In summary, TCM has attracted increasing interest globally since its potential complementary therapy and the abundant resource for novel drug discovery (Su et al, 2019). In recent years, it was demonstrated that TSG maintains the integrity membranes of the liver cell, and so reduce apoptosis by regulating immunity, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and decreasing free radicals in cells.…”