A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults

Wang, Qi; Li, Fēi; Liang, Bishan; Liang, Yuhu; Chen, Sijie; Mo, Xiao‐Dong; Ju, Yanmei; Zhao, Hui; Jia, Huijue; Spector, Timothy D.; Xie, Hailiang; Guo, Ruijin

doi:10.1186/s12866-018-1257-x

Cited by 94 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is possible, however, that the difficulty encountered in reproducing not only inflammation but also airway obstruction and clinical signs with inhalation challenges are limited by the fact that they bypass the gastrointestinallung axis. 21,22 Finally, unlike a recent study that showed decreased diversity in adults with asthma, 23 we did not observe differences in diversity. Differences could arise from the fact that most asthmatic patients are on corticosteroids because medication is not typically withheld for such studies.…”

Section: Differences Between Healthy and Asthmatic Horsescontrasting

confidence: 94%

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Leclère

Costa

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Gastrointestinal microbiota can be influenced by several factors, including diet and systemic inflammation, and in turn could act as a modulator of the allergic response. Fecal microbiota of horses with asthma has not been described. Hypothesis/Objectives Analyze the bacterial fecal microbiota of horses with and without asthma under different environment and diet conditions, during both remission and exacerbation. Methods Prospective observational study. Feces from 6 asthmatic and 6 healthy horses were collected under 3 different conditions: on pasture, housed indoors receiving good quality hay (“good hay”), and housed indoors receiving poor quality hay (“dusty hay”). Sequencing was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform and data were processed using the software mothur v.1.41.3 and LEfSe. Results In horses with asthma, low‐abundance bacteria were more affected by changes in environment and diet (ie, when horses were experiencing an exacerbation), as shown by changes in membership and results from the LEfSe analysis. There was a significant increase in the relative abundance of Fibrobacter in healthy horses eating hay, a change that was not observed in horses with asthma. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The intestinal microbiota of horses with asthma does not adapt in the same way to changes in diet and environment compared to the microbiota of healthy horses. Mechanisms explaining how airway obstruction and inflammation could influence the intestinal microbiota and how in turn this microbiota could modulate systemic inflammation in asthmatic horses deserves further investigation.

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Section: Differences Between Healthy and Asthmatic Horsescontrasting

confidence: 94%

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Leclère

Costa

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Recently, the distinct gut microbiota has also been revealed in adult asthmatics 26,27 . Supporting this phenomenon, microbe-derived short-chain fatty acids were suggested as possible mediators in the pathogenesis of asthma 28 . Our study demonstrated the alteration of overall body microbiota in established adult asthmatics by using blood EVs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metagenome analysis using serum extracellular vesicles identified distinct microbiota in asthmatics

Lee

Choi

Yang³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Different patterns of bacterial communities have been reported in the airways and gastrointestinal tract of asthmatics when compared to healthy controls. However, the blood microbiome of asthmatics is yet to be investigated. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether a distinct serum microbiome is observed in asthmatics by metagenomic analysis of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). We obtained serum from 190 adults with asthma and 260 healthy controls, from which EVs were isolated and analyzed. The bacterial composition of asthmatics was significantly different from that of healthy controls. Chao 1 index was significantly higher in the asthma group, while Shannon and Simpson indices were higher in the control group. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes was more abundant in asthmatics, while Actinobacter, Verrucomicrobia, and Cyanobacteria were more abundant in healthy controls. At the genus level, 24 bacterial genera showed differences in relative abundance between asthmatics and controls, with linear discriminant analysis scores greater than 3. Further, in a diagnostic model based on these differences, a high predictive value with a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.93 was observed. In conclusion, we demonstrated distinct blood microbiome in asthma indicating the role of microbiome as a potential diagnostic marker of asthma.

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“…Gut microbiota composition is largely determined by exposure to dietary factors, but conversely, gut microbiota are needed for digestion of macronutrients and production of a wide range of metabolites [ 5 ]. Alterations in gut microbiota composition have been observed in a variety of health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, psychiatric disorders, but also in cardiovascular disease [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In addition, several gut metabolites have been shown to interact with metabolism and the nervous system, affecting insulin sensitivity, energy balance, and appetite regulation [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: A Review

et al. 2020

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Gut microbiota and its metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) impact cardiovascular health. In this review, we discuss how gut microbiota and gut metabolites can affect hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hypertensive patients were shown to have lower alpha diversity, lower abundance of SCFA-producing microbiota, and higher abundance of gram-negative bacteria, which are a source of LPS. Animal studies point towards a direct role for SCFAs in blood pressure regulation and show that LPS has pro-inflammatory effects. Translocation of LPS into the systemic circulation is a consequence of increased gut permeability. Atherosclerosis, a multifactorial disease, is influenced by the gut microbiota through multiple pathways. Many studies have focused on the pro-atherogenic role of TMAO, however, it is not clear if this is a causal factor. In addition, gut microbiota play a key role in bile acid metabolism and some interventions targeting bile acid receptors tend to decrease atherosclerosis. Concluding, gut microbiota affect hypertension and atherosclerosis through many pathways, providing a wide range of potential therapeutic targets. Challenges ahead include translation of findings and mechanisms to humans and development of therapeutic interventions that target cardiovascular risk by modulation of gut microbes and metabolites.

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A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults

Cited by 94 publications

References 26 publications

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Fecal microbiota in horses with asthma

Metagenome analysis using serum extracellular vesicles identified distinct microbiota in asthmatics

Gut Microbiota in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis: A Review

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