A Metamodel Extension to Capture Post Normal Accidents in AR-equipped Socio-technical Systems

Abstract

In the past twenty to thirty years, organizations have extremely changed and these changes in addition to technological changes such as use of augmented reality (AR) introduce new system risks. Post normal accidents theory describes that organizations are more globalized and digitalized and are formed as networks of organizations, which would lead to post normal accidents such as network failure accident. In addition, it states that strategies and organizational structures are more financialised and networked respectively and technology and task are more digitalized and standardized. These organizational factors affect also on human performance. Organization and human are considered as the socio parts of socio-technical systems. Metamodels should provide the modeling elements required for modeling human and organizational factors in new AR-equipped socio-technical systems. Current metamodels do not consider factors that would lead to post normal accidents. In this paper, we elaborate the theory of post normal accidents and we extract the influencing factors leading to post normal accidents. We also consider global distance including geographical, temporal and cultural distances, as an influencing factor on human performance. Then, we use the extracted influencing factors for extending modeling elements in our previously proposed conceptual metamodel for modeling AR-equipped socio-technical systems. Our proposed extended metalmodel can be used by analysis techniques in order to perform risk assessment for AR-equipped socio-technical systems.