A metastasized hepatocellular carcinoma in the capsule of an undescended testis in the right inguinal area: report of a rare case

Abstract

BackgroundHepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary carcinoma of the liver, which mainly metastasizes through the portal vein system.Case presentationHere, we report an extremely rare case in which HCC metastasized to the capsule of an undescended testis in the right inguinal area of the patient. A tumor approximately 8.8 × 7.0 cm in size was found in the patient’s liver during a health check-up. Initially, it was considered a metastatic tumor because the patient was found to have cryptorchidism, which had been left untreated before he presented to our hospital. The patient underwent a radical orchiectomy via inguinal approach, and the resected testis in the right inguinal region was examined via microscopy. The cancer cells were arranged in nests and showed abundant red or clear cytoplasm and marked nuclear atypia. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for CK, CK8/18, AFP, hepatocyte, GCP3, but negative for PLAP, CD10, CD30, CD34, and vimentin.ConclusionAccording to these findings, the tumor in the inguinal region was considered a metastatic HCC arising from the liver, rather than a seminoma that had originated in the undescended testis. We suggest that during the diagnosis of malignancies, metastatic tumors should always be considered in the differential diagnosis even if the original presentation is at rare metastatic sites or concurrent with other disease(s).

Expecting the Unexpected: Schistosomial Appendicitis in Nonendemic Area

“…12 Once the diagnosis of schistosomial appendicitis has been confirmed, the disease needs to be eradicated by praziquantel in the form of two doses of 20 mg/kg body weight. 13…”

Breast Metastasis in a Patient with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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A first case of hepatocellular carcinoma in the baboon (Papio spp.) placenta

“…The increase in frequency of HCC has been associated with the rise of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through activation of glutamine synthetase . Extrahepatic locations of primary and secondary HCC are rare and include abdominal and thoracic wall, diaphragm, and metastases in different organs . While hepatocellular carcinoma is common, finding this type of cancer within the placenta is a rare occurrence in humans with only few cases reported worldwide .…”