A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial

Chalmers, Thomas C.; Smith, Harry; Blackburn, Bradley A.; Silverman, Bernard L.; Schroeder, Biruta; Reitman, Dinah; Ambroz, Alexander

doi:10.1016/0197-2456(81)90056-8

Cited by 1,264 publications

(557 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Most quality scores are tailored for meta‐analyses of randomized trials of interventions,28, 29, 30 and many criteria do not apply to epidemiological studies examined in this study. Additionally, quality score use in meta‐analyses remains controversial 31, 32, 33.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies

Roerecke

Tobe

Kaczorowski

et al. 2018

JAHA

140

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BackgroundAlthough it is well established that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension, the risk associated with low levels of alcohol intake in men and women is unclear.Methods and ResultsWe searched Medline and Embase for original cohort studies on the association between average alcohol consumption and incidence of hypertension in people without hypertension. Random‐effects meta‐analyses and metaregressions were conducted. Data from 20 articles with 361 254 participants (125 907 men and 235 347 women) and 90 160 incident cases of hypertension (32 426 men and 57 734 women) were included. In people drinking 1 to 2 drinks/day (12 g of pure ethanol per drink), incidence of hypertension differed between men and women (relative riskwomen vs men=0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.93). In men, the risk for hypertension in comparison with abstainers was relative risk=1.19 (1.07–1.31; I2=59%), 1.51 (1.30–1.76), and 1.74 (1.35–2.24) for consumption of 1 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 or more standard drinks per day, respectively. In women, there was no increased risk for 1 to 2 drinks/day (relative risk=0.94; 0.88–1.01; I2=73%), and an increased risk for consumption beyond this level (relative risk=1.42; 1.22–1.66).ConclusionsAny alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in the risk for hypertension in men. In women, there was no risk increase for consumption of 1 to 2 drinks/day and an increased risk for higher consumption levels. We did not find evidence for a protective effect of alcohol consumption in women, contrary to earlier meta‐analyses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies

Roerecke

Tobe

Kaczorowski

et al. 2018

JAHA

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Articles were evaluated on formal methodological requirements and objectives. We used criteria for evaluating studies designed to be RCTs as used by Chalmers et al [6] and the Cochrane Collaboration. We regrouped these criteria into internal validity, external validity, data presentation and statistical analysis (Table 2).…”

Section: Methodological Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic literature review to identify the best method for a single level anterior cervical interbody fusion

Limbeek

Jacobs

Anderson

et al. 2000

European Spine Journal

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“…The two studies providing a primary foundation for our study are by Heneghan and colleagues (1996)-a methodological review of family preservation program research-and Murray and Graybeal (2007)-a methodological review of intimate partner violence prevention research. Both of these studies were also informed by the work of Chalmers et al (1981), which therefore provides a secondary foundation for the present study. The remainder of this section presents the criteria used to select studies to review and the criteria and rating procedures we used to evaluate the methodologies used in the selected studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This rating guide was based on the previous work of Heneghan et al (1996), whose criteria were based on Chalmers et al (1981), andGraybeal (2007). Both of these studies used 15-item questionnaires to guide their reviews of program evaluation research studies on family preservation programs and heterosexual intimate partner violence prevention, respectively.…”

Section: Study Methodological Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Research About Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence: A Methodological Review

Murray

Mobley

2009

Journal of Homosexuality

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TABLES 1 AND 2 CAN BE FOUND AT THE END OF THE ARTICLE Abstract:This article presents a systematic review of empirical research examining intimate partner violence among same-sex couples. Seventeen studies that met the inclusion criteria were rated using a 15-item evaluation questionnaire. The results indicated that the existing body of research examining same-sex intimate partner violence demonstrates some common methodological strengths and limitations. The authors conclude with a list of recommendations for future research based on the results of this study. Article:Same-sex intimate partner violence (SSIPV) describes acts of physical, psychological, and emotional, and sexual abuse that occur between two intimate partners of the same sex or gender (Murray, Mobley, Buford, & Seaman-DeJohn, 2007). Rates of SSIPV are comparable to rates of heterosexual domestic violence, with approximately one quarter to one half of all same-sex intimate relationships demonstrating abusive dynamics (Alexander, 2002;T. W. Burke, Jordan, & Owen, 2002;McClennen, 2005;Pitt, 2000). The consequences of SSIPV can be severe and affect the involved individuals in many areas of their lives-including their physical and mental health, extended family relationships, social support networks, occupational functioning, and financial well being. SSIPV is therefore a significant issue facing the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population.To date, a limited body of research exists examining the prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of SSIPV. Previous researchers studying the issue have acknowledged significant limitations within the existing research that reduce its usefulness and generalizability, as will be discussed in the review of the literature section. The purpose of the study described in this article was to conduct a systematic evaluation of recent empirical research examining SSIPV. We sought to determine the strengths and weaknesses of this growing body of research in order to define the current state of research examining SSIPV. In addition, we aimed to develop directions for future research based on the needs demonstrated within the existing literature. We recognize the challenges inherent to studying an issue that is as shrouded in silence as SSIPV; therefore, the intent of this study is not to disparage previous researchers and their scholarly endeavors, but rather to provide a solid foundation for stronger research to aid in the understanding of this complex issue.To that end, we reviewed 17 empirical studies examining SSIPV that appeared in the scholarly literature between January 1995 and July 2006. We located studies through an extensive search of databases in relevant academic disciplines. We then conducted a systematic review of the methodologies used in those studies. For this review, we adapted the methodological review strategies used in two previous studies: the review of family preservation program research by Heneghan, Horwitz, and Leventhal (1996) and the review of heterosexual intimate partner violence p...

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A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial

Cited by 1,264 publications

References 19 publications

Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies

Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies

A systematic literature review to identify the best method for a single level anterior cervical interbody fusion

Empirical Research About Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence: A Methodological Review

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