A method for determining a functional unit to measure environmental performance in manufacturing systems

Approaches for the Integration of the Social and Environmental Dimensions of Sustainability in Manufacturing Companies

“…While there are well-established tools like LCA available for the environmental dimension, there is "still need for consistent and robust indicators and methods" for the economic and social dimension [7]. Efforts have been undertaken for deter-mining a functional unit to measure environmental performance in manufacturing systems (e.g., [19]) and integrating Life Cycle Assessment with common economic evaluations in order to increase the eco-efficiency (e.g., [20]). Still, especially the social life cycle assessment (sLCA) is considered to be in its infancy [21].…”

Quantitative methods in supply chain network design and green supply chain management

“…As climate change, energy independence, and energy costs, have gained increasing attention in recent years, their paper mainly focuses on energy related issues. Plehn et al, (2012) propose a novel machine design and production planning methodology that will assist managers in identifying the environmental impact of manufacturing operations, while Ellram et al, (2008), investigate whether the integration of new product development practices into environmental responsible manufacturing, through the use of three dimensional engineering, would generate improved environmental benefits compared to the separate application of environmental objectives and new product development actions. With respect to greenhouse gases, since the manufacturing of a product is directly connected to the amount of carbon emitted in the production of electrical energy from that process, Jeswiet & Kara, (2008), propose a simple Carbon Emissions Signature (CES).…”