A method for estimating abundance of mobile populations using telemetry and counts of unmarked animals

Clement, Matthew J.; O’Keefe, Joy M.; Walters, Brianne L.

doi:10.1890/es15-00180.1

Cited by 8 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Another method by Clement et al. () utilizes the assumption that populations have a fission–fusion grouping, where a population is made up of individual groups that change composition and size depending on individual movements around groups. Finally, for mist‐net‐sampled data, estimates of abundance that have accounted for detection biases can be obtained from closed population capture–mark–recapture models (Otis et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of restoring logged tropical forests on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity

Cosset

Edwards

2017

Ecological Applications

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Selective logging is the most prevalent land-use change in the tropics. Despite the resulting degradation of forest structure, selectively logged forests still harbor a substantial amount of biodiversity leading to suggestions that their protection is the next best alternative to conserving primary, old-growth forests. Restoring carbon stocks under Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) schemes is a potential method for obtaining funding to protect logged forests, via enrichment planting and liberation cutting of vines. This study investigates the impacts of restoring logged forests in Borneo on avian phylogenetic diversity, the total evolutionary history shared across all species within a community, and on functional diversity, with important implications for the protection of evolutionarily unique species and the provision of many ecosystem services. Overall and understorey avifaunal communities were studied using point count and mist netting surveys, respectively. Restoration caused a significant loss in phylogenetic diversity and MPD (mean pairwise distance) leaving an overall bird community of less total evolutionary history and more closely related species compared to unlogged forests, while the understorey bird community had MNTD (mean nearest taxon distance) that returned toward the lower levels found in a primary forest, indicating more closely related species pairs. The overall bird community experienced a significant loss of functional strategies and species with more specialized traits in restored forests compared to that of unlogged forests, which led to functional clustering in the community. Restoration also led to a reduction in functional richness and thus niches occupied in the understorey bird community compared to unlogged forests. While there are additional benefits of restoration for forest regeneration, carbon sequestration, future timber harvests, and potentially reduced threat of forest conversion, this must be weighed against the apparent loss of phylogenetic and functional diversity from unlogged forest levels, making the biodiversity-friendliness of carbon sequestration schemes questionable under future REDD+ agreements. To reduce perverse biodiversity outcomes, it is important to focus restoration only on the most degraded areas or at reduced intensity where breaks between regimes are incorporated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of restoring logged tropical forests on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity

Cosset

Edwards

2017

Ecological Applications

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“…In 1992, researchers began monitoring the bat population and installing artificial roosts [ 34 ]. Male Indiana bats first used artificial roosts at the site in 1995 [ 24 ], but the maternity colony of 100–200 adult females and their pups [ 35 ] was not detected using artificial structures until 2003 [ 28 ]. Due to the bats’ history of artificial roost use, this was a logical site to assess use of newly installed structures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In artificial roost comparison, bats show preference for rocket box style

et al. 2018

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Understanding microhabitat preferences of animals is critical for effective conservation, especially for temperate-zone bats, which receive fitness benefits from selecting optimal roost microhabitats. Artificial roost structures are increasingly being used in conservation efforts for at-risk bat species. To evaluate microhabitat differences in common artificial roost structures and determine if roost selection occurs based on structure type, we installed artificial roosts of three different styles (bat box, rocket box, and bark mimic) in six clusters. We compared size and measured temperature parameters (12 points/roost) while bats were excluded from one cluster. We simultaneously conducted census counts during the active season at five more clusters open to bats for 1–2 years. The rocket box style provided larger entrance area, surface area, and volume versus other roost types. Microclimate varied with roost design. More positions inside the bat box and rocket box stayed within critical temperature limits for bats (0–45°C)—i.e., were usable. The bark-mimic provided less usable space than the rocket box and, often, large proportions of the roost were > 45°C. The rocket box provided the widest temperature availability in a given hour (max range available 7°C) and was more stable than the bark mimic. A maternity colony of Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) selected the rocket box style; four of five available rocket boxes became primary maternity roosts, with 2–210 bats emerging per night. Future work should aim to manipulate roost size, temperature availability, and temperature stability in isolation to identify which features drive roost microhabitat selection by bats. Comparative studies of artificial roosts account for some inherent irregularity in natural systems, allowing us to study the dynamics of roost microhabitats. We recommend season-long monitoring of microhabitat in novel artificial refuges and comparative studies of artificial and natural roosts, and urge managers to consider potential positive and negative effects when substituting artificial roosts for natural habitat.

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“…Use of more intensive methodology for determining maternity colony size and dynamics may not be feasible or justifiable across large summer ranges because of cost, field effort, and the potential for harming or harassing bats (Kunz et al 2009;Clement et al 2015). Such methods include monitoring multiple bats at multiple roost trees through short-term radiotelemetry, banding and recapturing bats, or tagging bats with passive integrated transponders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Mark–Recapture Improves Estimates of Maternity Colony Size for Indiana Bats

Oyler‐McCance

Fike

Lukacs

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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Genetic mark–recapture methods are increasingly being used to estimate demographic parameters in species where traditional techniques are problematic or imprecise. The federally endangered Indiana bat Myotis sodalis has declined dramatically and threats such as white-nose syndrome continue to afflict this species. To date, important demographic information for Indiana bats has been difficult to estimate precisely using traditional techniques such as emergence counts. Successful management and protection of Indiana bats requires better methods to estimate population sizes and survival rates throughout the year, particularly during summer when these bats reproduce and are widely dispersed away from their winter hibernacula. In addition, the familial makeup of maternity colonies is unknown, yet important for understanding local and regional population dynamics. We had four objectives in this study. For the first two objectives we investigated the potential use of DNA from fecal samples (fecal DNA) collected at roosts to obtain genetically based mark–recapture estimates of 1) colony size and 2) survival rates, for an Indiana bat maternity colony in Indianapolis, Indiana. The third objective was to compare our genetically based colony-size estimates with emergence counts conducted at the same roost tree to evaluate the genetic mark–recapture method. Our fourth objective was to use fecal DNA to estimate levels of relatedness among individuals sampled at the roost. In the summer of 2008, we collected fecal pellets and conducted emergence counts at a prominent roost tree during three time periods each lasting 7 or 8 d. We genotyped fecal DNA using five highly polymorphic microsatellite loci to identify individuals and used a robust-design mark–recapture approach to estimate survival rates as well as colony size at the roost tree. Emergence count estimates at the roost tree ranged from 100 to 215, whereas genetic mark–recapture estimates were higher, ranging from 122 to 266 and more precise. Apparent survival was 0.994 (SE = 0.04) between sampling periods suggesting that few bats died or permanently emigrated during the course of the study. Relatedness estimates, r, between all pairs of individuals averaged 0.055 ranging from 0 to 0.779, indicating that most individuals were not closely related. We demonstrate here the promise of using fecal DNA to estimate demographic information for Indiana bats and potentially other bat species.

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A method for estimating abundance of mobile populations using telemetry and counts of unmarked animals

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

The effects of restoring logged tropical forests on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity

The effects of restoring logged tropical forests on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity

In artificial roost comparison, bats show preference for rocket box style

Genetic Mark–Recapture Improves Estimates of Maternity Colony Size for Indiana Bats

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