A Method for Estimation of Input‐output‐type Output Multipliers When No I‐o Model Exists*

Burford, Roger L.; Katz, Joseph

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1981.tb00691.x

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…According to the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, per capita expenditures on health care exceeded $8,400 in 2010 and comprise 17.9% of total 2010 gross domestic product of the United States. 1 In 2019, the aggregate national health expenditures are expected to be $4,482.7 billion, which is about $13,387 per capita and 19.3% of the gross domestic product (GDP). 2 Health care costs are increasingly burdening state and federal budgets, as Medicaid and Medicare expenditures made up 5.5% of GDP in 2010 and are expected to rise to 9% by 2035.…”

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confidence: 99%

What Social, Program, and Behavioral Factors Influence the Healthy Eating Index for EFNEP and SNAP-Ed Adult Participants?

Weatherspoon

Miller

Steele

et al. 2015

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine

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The main objectives of this article were to determine the demographic factors, the program related factors and the behavioral factors that influence Michigan Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education outcomes. Secondarily, we sought to understand the trends and changes in Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores across the differing baseline score groups. The data were collected by nutrition instructors in a pretest, posttest design to capture change in healthy eating habits through changes in HEI scores. The participants were all low-income program participants during the years of 2011 and 2012, living in Michigan. Findings show that eating habits improved most in households with weekly per-person income within $100 to $500, and with Caucasian females living in cities or suburbs. Improvements were also greater with those who took part in the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program, where the participants exhibited higher baseline frequency of planning meals before grocery shopping, comparing prices, and budgeting enough money for food and food related purchases. Overall, the average change in HEI scores increased by 2.3 points, however, the variability between the participants' changes was high, suggesting that more targeted program lessons might increase program efficacy, especially for those participants with high baseline HEI scores.

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confidence: 99%

What Social, Program, and Behavioral Factors Influence the Healthy Eating Index for EFNEP and SNAP-Ed Adult Participants?

Weatherspoon

Miller

Steele

et al. 2015

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine

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“…We have recently derived [Katz and Burford (1981b)l using the random matrix approach, two new output multiplier formulas that use more information than (1). If the row totals r, of the coefficient matrix are known along with the column totals w,, then the output multiplier can be estimated by…”

Section: The Estimation Of Input-output Type Output Multipliers When mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Estimation of Input‐output Type Output Multipliers When No Input‐output Model Exists: A Reply

Katz

Burford

1982

Journal of Regional Science

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At the outset, we would like to thank Professor Harrigan for his comments on our article [Burford and Katz (1981b)l. He has shed valuable additional light on the nature of input-output multipliers, and provided an alternative procedure for estimating them [Harrigan (198211.' For the most part, we agree with his conclusions. However, we must clarify some of the important issues he raised concerning the nature and philosophy of our shortcut formula approach.Unlike nonsurvey shortcut techniques that estimate multipliers by generating the input-output coefficient matrix from secondary data sources and existing models, the shortcut formula approach reduces the cost of conducting a complete survey by reducing the number of parameters that must be determined. Since shortcut formulas operate with less data than a complete input-output model, they can provide, at best, only an estimate of the "true" impact multiplier as revealed by a survey based model. Yet formulas that closely approximate the actual multipliers at a low cost are extremely useful in measuring the economic impact of a firm or industry in situations where no reliable input-output model for the region exists. The data requirements is the key underlying the effectiveness and usefulness of a formula, since as more complex formulas incorporate additional data, there is a tradeoff between accuracy and cost.We completely agree with Professor Harrigan that our shortcut output multiplier formulais not a substitute for an input-output model, but rather is a good estimator of the output multiplier for a firm or industry given its proportion of interindustry expenditures in the region and the average proportion of interindustry expenditures over all industries in the region. Furthermore, more accurate output

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“…These proposals necessarily vary with the subject matter in question. Best known among these methods are the 'final demand blow up ' (Hatanaka (1960, p. 71) or Tilanus (1966) and the short-cut output multiplier formula by Drake (1976) and Burford and Katz (1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On input-output type output multipliers from incomplete information

Lorenzen

1987

Econ Plann

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Incomplete knowledge of data usually hinders the establishment of detailed input-output tables. It is for this reason that up-dating procedures (RAS) as well as short-cut methods have been developed. In this paper the short-cut output multiplier formula by Drake (1976) is compared with the output multiplier involved in the RAS procedures. It will turn out that both these output multiplier estimates are two special cases of a more general class of estimating procedures. It is demonstrated by an empirical example how this generalized procedure should be applied in practice. The kind of reasoning underlying this paper can be extended to other problems of input-output analysis as well.

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A Method for Estimation of Input‐output‐type Output Multipliers When No I‐o Model Exists*

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

What Social, Program, and Behavioral Factors Influence the Healthy Eating Index for EFNEP and SNAP-Ed Adult Participants?

What Social, Program, and Behavioral Factors Influence the Healthy Eating Index for EFNEP and SNAP-Ed Adult Participants?

The Estimation of Input‐output Type Output Multipliers When No Input‐output Model Exists: A Reply

On input-output type output multipliers from incomplete information

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