A method for measuring the development of surface cracks in soils: application to crack development after lowland rice

Ringrose-Voase, A. J.; Sanidad, W.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(96)00008-0

Cited by 60 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…IBIS does not consider soil cracks. The lower θ s value for the full 90 cm is consistent with less severe cracking in the deeper soil layers, which is in line with the exponential decrease of crack volume density [m 3 · m −3 ] against the soil depth suggested by Ringrose‐Voase and Sanidad (). Moreover, land cover can be a factor, because more cracks are likely to occur when there are deeper roots and more efficient moisture extraction (Dasog and Shashidhara, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the hydrology of the IBIS land surface model in a semi‐arid catchment

Chen

Willgoose

Saco

2014

Hydrological Processes

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This paper evaluates the Integrated BIosphere Simulator (IBIS) land surface model using daily soil moisture data over a 3‐year period (2005–2007) at a semi‐arid site in southeastern Australia, the Stanley catchment, using the Monte Carlo generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) approach. The model was satisfactorily calibrated for both the surface 30 cm and full profile 90 cm. However, full‐profile calibration was not as good as that for the surface, which results from some deficiencies in the evapotranspiration component in IBIS. Relatively small differences in simulated soil moisture were associated with large discrepancies in the predictions of surface runoff, drainage and evapotranspiration. We conclude that while land surface schemes may be effective at simulating heat fluxes, they may be ineffective for prediction of hydrology unless the soil moisture is accurately estimated. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the soil moisture simulations were most sensitive to soil parameters, and the wilting point was the most identifiable parameter. Significant interactions existed between three soils parameters: porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity and Campbell ‘b’ exponent, so they could not be identified independent of each other. There were no significant differences in parameter sensitivity and interaction for different hydroclimatic years. Even though the data record contained a very dry year and another year with a very large rainfall event, this indicated that the soil model could be calibrated without the data needing to explore the extreme range of dry and wet conditions. IBIS was much less sensitive to vegetation parameters. The leaf area index (LAI) could affect the mean of daily soil moisture time series when LAI < 1, while the variance of the soil moisture time series was sensitive to LAI > 1. IBIS was insensitive to the Jackson rooting parameter, suggesting that the effect of the rooting depth distribution on predictions of hydrology was insignificant. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the hydrology of the IBIS land surface model in a semi‐arid catchment

Chen

Willgoose

Saco

2014

Hydrological Processes

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“… Zein El Abedine and Robinson [1971] developed a procedure to quantify depth, width, and volume of relatively large vertisol cracks by using thin flexible metal probes (for depth) and by calculating the number and width of surface cracks over two intersecting 20 m long straight lines. A variation of this approach (taking width of cracks over a series of 1 m diameter semicircles) was also developed by Ringrose‐Voase and Sanidad [1996], allowing different shaped models for the crack cross section (triangular or V shaped, rectangular, and square‐root shaped). Bhushan and Sharma [2002] and Bandyopadhyay et al [2003] evaluated soil cracking in 1 m × 1 m plots by tracing the length of the cracking network over the entire plot and calculating the crack depth at different intervals with 1.5 mm and 2 mm diameter rods, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New method for the characterization of three‐dimensional preferential flow paths in the field

Najm

Jabro

Iversen

et al. 2010

Water Resources Research

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Preferential flow path development in the field is the result of the complex interaction of multiple processes relating to the soil's structure, moisture condition, stress level, and biological activity. Visualizing and characterizing the cracking behavior and preferential paths evolution with soil depth has always been a key challenge and a major barrier against scaling up existing hydrologic concepts and models to account for preferential flows. This paper presents a new methodology to quantify soil preferential paths in the field using liquid latex. The evolution of the preferential flow paths at different soil depths and moisture conditions is assessed. Results from different soil series (Savage clay loam soil versus Chalmers clay loam) and different vegetation covers and soil managements (corn/tilled field versus soybean no‐till field in the Chalmers soil series) are presented.

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“…While this is a commonly assumed cross‐sectional geometry (e.g., El Abedine and Robinson, 1971; Elias et al, 2001), other studies have proposed that cracks are rectangular, with parallel walls (e.g., Scott et al, 1986; Dasog and Shashidhara, 1993). In addition, Ringrose‐Voase and Sanidad (1996) concluded that rectangular geometries are most likely to be found in wide, mature cracks (no longer shrinking horizontally), whereas the triangular shape is probably more valid for horizontally evolving cracks. Therefore, assuming a cross‐sectional shape based on knowledge of the crack's surface conditions may help limit error in total crack volume estimates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface‐based methods to monitor crack evolution include surface image analysis (Flowers and Lal, 1999; Abou Najm, 2009), observing a soil's natural foaming (Mitchell and van Genuchten, 1993), and soil surface elevation monitoring (Wells et al, 2003; Arnold et al, 2005), which can be used to estimate the evolution of the crack network by assuming isotropy of shrinkage. Examples of labor‐intensive methods include a variety of crack‐tracing techniques utilizing thin flexible metal probes for depth detection and simple geometric assumptions for volume estimation (El Abedine and Robinson, 1971; Ringrose‐Voase and Sanidad, 1996; Deeks et al, 1999; Bhushan and Sharma, 2002; Bandyopadhyay et al, 2003; Kishné et al, 2009) and calipers for measuring crack geometry (Návar et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement Tool for Dynamics of Soil Cracks

Stewart

Najm

Rupp

et al. 2012

Vadose Zone Journal

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Shrinkage cracks in soil function as a dominant control on the partitioning and distribution of moisture fluxes in the vadose zone. Their dynamics influence the moisture balance and control water availability for runoff, deep infiltration, and near‐surface storage. We present a new low‐cost field instrument to monitor the temporal change in crack volume as affected by shrinkage and swelling cycles. The proposed crack‐o‐meter is composed of a sealed impermeable bag connected by a hose to a standpipe. An automated level logger records changes in the water level in the standpipe, which correspond to volumetric changes of the crack. The results from two laboratory experiments showed that the volume change observed by the crack‐o‐meter instrument scales linearly with the actual volume change, with an average error of 3%. The instrument was then used in a field experiment in Chile, where it measured the closing of cracks due to soil swelling.

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A method for measuring the development of surface cracks in soils: application to crack development after lowland rice

Cited by 60 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of the hydrology of the IBIS land surface model in a semi‐arid catchment

Evaluation of the hydrology of the IBIS land surface model in a semi‐arid catchment

New method for the characterization of three‐dimensional preferential flow paths in the field

Measurement Tool for Dynamics of Soil Cracks

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