A method for the determination of vitamin K in milk, milk powder and vegetable oil by high performance liquid chromatography.

Vitamin K in Milk and Infant Formulas: Determination and Distribution of Phylloquinone and Menaquinone-4

“…19,[25][26][27] Human milk has, in this study, been confirmed as containing a lower phylloquinone content relative to cow's milk. This is in general agreement with other reports, 2,14,[17][18][19]21,25,26 and absolute levels are consistent with the overall mean (0.2 mg per 100 g) of the wide range of values (0.01-0.7 mg per 100 g) previously reported. 7,14,[16][17][18][19]21,25,26,28 MK4 has, in the present study, been demonstrated to be present in both bovine and human milk at levels similar to phylloquinone, with trace amounts of MK6 detected in human milk and bovine colostrum.…”

“…This is in general agreement with other reports, 2,14,[17][18][19]21,25,26 and absolute levels are consistent with the overall mean (0.2 mg per 100 g) of the wide range of values (0.01-0.7 mg per 100 g) previously reported. 7,14,[16][17][18][19]21,25,26,28 MK4 has, in the present study, been demonstrated to be present in both bovine and human milk at levels similar to phylloquinone, with trace amounts of MK6 detected in human milk and bovine colostrum. This concurs with the few reports on this subject, 7,17,18 although one study did not detect any menaquinones.…”

“…This study has confirmed our previous report of elevated levels of phylloquinone in bovine colostrum relative to transitional and mature milk. 21 While confined to a single lactating animal, the measured content in mature milk (mean: 0.6 mg per 100 g) is similar to representative data (range: 0.1-1.1 mg per 100 g; mean: 0.6 mg per 100 g) previously reported by others, [11][12][13][14]17,18,21 and is equivalent to retail cow's milk (range: 0.5-0.8 mg per 100 g) also evaluated in this work. MK4 has been demonstrated to be present at levels similar to phylloquinone and to follow an equivalent lactational trend.…”

“…7,14,[16][17][18][19]21,25,26,28 MK4 has, in the present study, been demonstrated to be present in both bovine and human milk at levels similar to phylloquinone, with trace amounts of MK6 detected in human milk and bovine colostrum. This concurs with the few reports on this subject, 7,17,18 although one study did not detect any menaquinones. 16 The observation that the vitamin K content of milk is dominated by phylloquinone and MK4, and that both forms appear correlated during early bovine lactation, prompted examination of several other mammalian milks.…”

“…The former approach has been described for the survey of a wide range of foods [11][12][13] and milks, [14][15][16] while others have advocated lipase digestion for the specific analysis of milk, infant formulas and oils. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] These schemes have generally incorporated intermediate fractionation techniques prior to HPLC analysis, determined by analyte concentration, matrix complexity and the analytical detection mode selected.…”