A method for using Josephson voltage standards for direct characterization of high performance digitizers to establish AC voltage and current traceability to SI

Abstract

A method for traceability to SI for ac voltage and current based on high performance digitizers is presented. In contrast to the existing thermal-based methods, the proposed method utilizes direct traceability to quantum-based waveforms via the use of Josephson voltage systems. This allows not only a simplification of the traceability chain and reduced measurement times but also offers the potential for analysis of the ac voltage and current waveform spectral content, a feature which is not possible using thermal methods. Scaling of current and voltage is achieved by the use of current shunts and resistive voltage dividers respectively. Target operating ranges are up to 1 A and 100 V with a frequency range up to 1 kHz for both. The corresponding target uncertainty for this traceability route is 1 μVV-1 and 2 μAA-1 up to frequencies of 1 kHz. The traceability chain is described and various components are characterized to validate their suitability for this task. It is demonstrated that these uncertainty targets can be met under certain conditions. The use of multi-tone calibration waveforms is investigated to further reduce measurement time. An uncertainty analysis method based on simulation using real component performance data is demonstrated.

Calibrating precise AC voltage meter using AC quantum voltages

“…Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SINAD) is the root mean square ratio of the fundamental amplitude of a signal to the root mean square of all other spectral components. It is calculated as follows, sig noise 2 SINAD 10 lg (4) Fig. 9 shows the measurement result of SNR, SFDR, THD and SINAD.…”

“…To ensure the traceability of measurement results, the frequency response characteristics of the Keysight 3458A must be accurate and stable. Calibrating these voltmeters with accurate AC voltages is the key to improving the level of voltage measurement [4] .…”

Experiments on High-Resolution Digitizer Accuracy in Measuring Voltage Ratio and Phase Difference of Distorted Harmonic Waveforms above 2 kHz

“…Furthermore, ref. [17] reports a high-speed digitizer characterization method that uses the Josephson voltage standard for the accurate measurement of currents and voltages up to 100 V and 1 A by adopting precision voltage dividers and current shunts. This research reports that the accuracy evaluation of the PXI-5922 digitizer for frequencies up to 1 kHz using test signals consisting of three harmonic components with different combinations of amplitude and phase angles.…”