A Method of Assay for Curare Using Rats

Allmark, M. G.; Bachinski, W. M.

doi:10.1002/jps.3030380114

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Because spontaneous locomotor activity of the MCA group did not differ from that of the sham group throughout the test period, and because we measured the angle at the moment when a limb of the rat just slipped, it is considered that the decreased inclined plane perfor mance in MCA-occluded rats represents a decrease in muscle strength. This conclusion is supported by reports that the inclined plane test serves as an indicator of gen eral muscle strength by measuring maintenance of up headed body position (Allmark and Bachinski, 1949;Dean et aI., 1981;Combs and D' Alecy, 1987). However, the inclined plane has also been used in equilibrium evaluation, especially negative geotaxis, by measuring the time taken to orient head-up from downhill initial position (Wahl et aI., 1992;Capdeville et aI., 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…This inclined plane test in MCA-occluded rats may thus be useful in a battery of tests as an indicator of motor functions. It has been reported that the inclined plane test is influenced by both the friction of inclined plane and the initial slope angle (Allmark and Bachinski, 1949). We used a stainless steel plane with which the rat was unable to grip, and between trials the rat was returned to a cage filled with dry wooden chips with which the limbs and body of the rat were wiped and dried so as not to influ ence the friction coefficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a Motor Deficit after Chronic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Yonemori

Yamaguchi

Yamada

et al. 1998

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

108

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Summary:It is well known that hemiplegia is frequently ob served in cerebral ischemia. It is important for the pathophysi ologic study and development of drug therapies to establish a precise method investigating impairment of motor function with animal models. To develop a quantitative and objective method for evaluating impairment of motor function, we ex amined an inclined plane test after chronic focal cerebral isch emia in the rat. Standard scoring of neurologic deficits has limitations, including problems with quantification and objec tivity. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel method for evaluating impairment of motor function in middle cerebral artery (MeA) occluded rats. The left MeA was per manently occluded at a proximal site, and sensorimotor per formance was evaluated at the fifth day and every week for 11 weeks thereafter. The ability to maintain body position on an inclined plane was measured when rats were placed on a stain less steel slope in left-headed, right-headed, and up-headed positions. Neurologic examination based on hemiparesis and abnormal posture was also performed. After all behavioral ex aminations were completed, the degree of shrinkage of the left hemisphere to the contralateral was measured. The ability of MeA-occluded rats to maintain position on an inclined plane in It is important for the pathophysiologic study and de velopment of drug therapies of stroke to establish con venient methods, and to evaluate impairment of neuro logic and motor functions in rodent models because muscle weakness is a common complaint after stroke in humans. The rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model developed by Tamura et aI. (Tamura et ai., 1981a; Yamamoto et ai., 1988; Hirakawa et aI., 1994) appears to be a suitable stroke model that induces a relatively constant infarct size. Several investigators

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Motor Deficit after Chronic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Yonemori

Yamaguchi

Yamada

et al. 1998

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…( 25) Phyto-constituents like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids etc which are the major content in the leaves of Caryota urens. (26) The medicinal plants which were already reported to have influence on the CNS activities, has rich source of the above mentioned phytochemicals. Free radicals have been recommended to be the largest part responsible for producing the neuronal changes mediating the behavioural deficits in CNS disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Central Nervous System Activities of Caryota Urens ethanolic Leaf Extract on Neurological Disorders in Experimental Animal Models

2022

pnr

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Central nervous system plays a vital role in the physiological organization of the completely human body. In modern world, everyday people suffered by depression, anxiety, epilepsy and restlessness due to stress. According to WHO report, about 450 million people suffer from a mental or behavioural disorder. Use of herbal medicine has been increased due to its safety and plays vital role in CNS disorders. The urens is the principle phytoconstituent present in the Caryota urens, and others are flavonoids, phenolic compounds, amino acids, alkaloids, proteins and carbohydrate which are medicinally important and responsible for treating various illness including neurological disorders. The study was conducted with an aim, to assess the influence of Caryota urens leaf extract on CNS by evaluating its effect on various neurological disorders in experimental animal models. The dried leaves of Caryota urens was extracted by maceration process using ethanol as solvent. The CNS activities of dried ethanolic leaf extract of Caryota urens (200 and 400mg/kg) were evaluated using various models for Antidepressant activity, Anxiolytic activity, Locomotor activity, Muscle relaxant activity and Anti-convulsant activity. The ELECU dose dependently increase the number of head dips, which indicate, that the leaves of Caryota urens shows antidepressant activity. The elevated plus maze is considered to be an etiologically valid animal model of anxiety. The number of entries and time spent in the open arms have been found to be increased by anxiolytics and reduced by anxiogenic agents. The reference standard diazepam significantly increase both the number of entries and time spent in open arm. Similar effect was produced by the ELECU in the open arm that indicates the anxiolytic activity of ELECU. In the presence study we concluded that the ethanolic leaf extract of Caryota urens possess significant antidepressant, anxiolytic, locomotor, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant activities in mice.

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“…4. The inethylated alkaloid was approximately five times more potent on the intact gastrocnemius-sciatic nerve of rats, approximately four times more active on the isolated gastrocnemius-sciatic nerve of frogs, and approximately four times more active on the isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm of rats, than was d-tubocurarine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%