A method of diagnosing intramammary infection in dairy cows for large experiments

Abstract

SummaryDiagnosis of microbial infections in the udders of cows in commercial dairy farms for large experiments cannot be without error. Limitations of sampling method and routine prevent collection of the necessary information for sure diagnosis. However, with an organized method of repeated bacteriological examinations using consistent and proven methods of aseptic sampling the errors were shown to be very low. A method based on bacteriological tests on aseptic milk samples was used in 32 herds (approximately 2000 cows) for a 3-year period. This is described and examined in terms of other criteria to validate its use in experimental work. With this method it was not difficult to differentiate between those quarters which regularly shed pathogens and those which did not. Other evidence indicated that it was reasonable to assume that this classification accurately distinguished between infected and uninfected quarters. The errors using this method were quite small: when measuring the state of infection of all quarters in the herds the errors did not exceed 1 %. Some small modifications to the method described are suggested to improve further its diagnostic accuracy.

Evaluation of mammary gland immunity and therapeutic potential of Tinospora cordifolia against bovine subclinical mastitis

“…The milk was collected on days 0, 7, 15, and 30 of the time period; the milk was also collected from the normal healthy animals at the same point of time. The SCC and total bacterial count (TBC) of the milk samples was done as per standard method (Schalm et al 1971); (Griffin et al 1977). The identification of causative organism in collected milk samples was carried by spreading 10 µl of milk over 5% bovine blood agar plate, further the growth of the organism on selective media.…”

Diagnosis of Intramammary Infections at Dry-off Based on Sampling Strategy, Epidemiology of Pathogens, and Agreement Beyond Chance

“…20 Several studies have measured the level of agreement between samples taken in pairs as either duplicate 8,17,24 or consecutive samples. 12 The analyses measured the agreement of bacteriologic results between the first and the second sample of the pair; however, these studies date back several decades, and they did not compare different cutoff values nor even report the cutoffs used for the number of CFU/ml to call a sample positive. Duplicate or multiple samples interpreted in series are currently considered the gold standard in IMI diagnosis.…”

Expression of cytokines and respiratory burst activity of milk cells in response to Azadirachta indica during bovine mastitis

“…The SCC of the milk samples was done as per the method of Schalm (1971). The total bacterial count (TBC) was performed as per standard method (Griffin et al 1977). The identification of causative organism in collected milk samples was carried by spreading 10 μl of milk over 5% bovine blood agar plate, further the growth of the organism on selective media.…”