The purpose of this study is to estimate land coverage change and the characteristic of urbanization in city agglomeration in the middle and lower of Yellow River valley using Landsat data and the survey data of land use condition. Firstly, we created the maps of the land coverage classification, and found the actual situation of the land coverage. Secondly, we investigated the change of the built-up area by the Kernel Density Presumption method, and analyzed the effect from traffic infrastructure, maked the characteristic of the urbanization clear. Finally, we analyzed the change of NDVI and concluded the characteristic of the urbanization in the city agglomeration.