A Method to Improve the Performance of Arrays for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive

Hu, Dujuan; Wei, Xizhang; Xie, Mingcong; Tang, Yanqun

doi:10.1155/2022/1114234

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This problem aims to optimize the beamforming vector b t such that, at multiple frequency points, the maximum received power among all receiving elements is minimized. The constraints on b t optimization remain the same as discussed earlier in Formula (9).…”

Section: Transmit Beamforming Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen studied FD phased arrays with joint transmit and receive beamforming with the objective of achieving improved FD data rates [ 7 ]. Xie and Hu used brainstorming optimization and genetic algorithm for the adaptive beamforming and sparse design of fully digital ALSTAR arrays [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Qiu adopted a linear constrained minimum variance algorithm to optimize the beamforming, which provides at least 110 dB of isolation for a 40 Tx × 40 Rx linear array [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application scenario of this paper is shown in Figure 2. Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of beamforming techniques in suppressing self-interference in full-duplex array systems [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Everett presented a digitalcontrolled method, called SoftNull, to enable full-duplex in many-antenna systems [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmit Beamforming Design Based on Multi-Receiver Power Suppression for STAR Digital Array

Lin,

Wei,

Lai

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) array system provides higher radiation gain and data rate compared to traditional radio system. Because of the various mutual couplings between each pair of transmit and receive elements, it is a great challenge to suppress the incident self-interference power at multiple receive elements, which is usually much higher than the desired signal of interest (SoI) power and causes the saturation of receive links and the distortion of the digital SoI. In this paper, we propose an optimized method for transmit beamforming based on radiation power constraints and transmit power control. Through adaptive transmit beamforming, high isolation between the transmit array and each receive link is achieved, minimizing the self-interference power at each receiving element. This method effectively reduces the self-interference power, avoiding distortion of the SoI digital signal caused by limited-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Simulation results demonstrate that this optimized transmit beamforming method can achieve more than 100 dB effective isotropic isolation (EII) on a 32-element two-dimensional phased array designed in HFSS, reducing the maximum incident self-interference power at the receive channels by approximately 35 dB, while effectively controlling the attenuation of the transmit gain. We also present the advantages in receive subarray isolation and lower ADCs digits under the transmit ABF method.

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Section: Transmit Beamforming Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmit Beamforming Design Based on Multi-Receiver Power Suppression for STAR Digital Array

Lin,

Wei,

Lai

et al. 2024

Sensors

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“…Therefore, the transmit pattern

or receive pattern

for the desired direction

in a planar array can be expressed as

where,

and

denote the covariance matrix and power of the residual noise with sparse shared aperture design, respectively. Moreover, the method for obtaining the coupling matrix

in the Equation (18) refers to the extraction method in the reference [ 31 ]. The EII, EIRP, EIS, and

of ALSTAR systems with sparse shared aperture design are represented as

, and

, respectively.…”

Section: Sparse Shared Aperture For Alstar With Beam Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sparse Shared Aperture Design for Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays with Beam Constraints

Wei

Xie

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The utilization of efficient digital self-interference cancellation technology enables the simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) phased array system to meet most application requirements through STAR capabilities. However, the development of application scenario requirements makes array configuration technology for STAR phased arrays increasingly important. Thus, this paper proposes a sparse shared aperture STAR reconfigurable phased array design based on beam constraints which are achieved by a genetic algorithm. Firstly, a design scheme for transmit and receive arrays with symmetrical shared apertures is adopted to improve the aperture efficiency of both transmit and receive arrays. Then, on the basis of shared aperture, sparse array design is introduced to further reduce system complexity and hardware costs. Finally, the shape of the transmit and receive arrays is determined by constraining the side lobe level (SLL), main lobe gain, and beam width. The simulated results indicate that the SLL of the transmit and receive patterns under beam-constrained design have been reduced by 4.1 dBi and 7.1 dBi, respectively. The cost of SLL improvement is a reduction in transmit gain, receive gain, and EII of 1.9 dBi, 2.1 dBi, and 3.9 dB, respectively. When the sparsity ratio is greater than 0.78, the SLL suppression effect is also significant, and the attenuation of EII, transmit, and receive gains do not exceed 3 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Overall, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of a sparse shared aperture design based on beam constraints in producing high gain, low SLL, and low-cost transmit and receive arrays.

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“…In addition, since sparse arrays can relocate the antenna elements, it may provide better system isolation, transmit pattern, and receive pattern than the uniform array with the same number of antenna element. GA is a well-studied method of solving binary integer optimization problems in sparse arrays [25]. Therefore, GA based sparse arrays is used to optimize the transmit and receive arrays of ALSTAR, then the transmit and receive beamforming are optimized by using alternating optimization (AO) algorithm [14].…”

Section: Sparse Arrays Design For Alstarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sparse Design for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays

Wei

Xie

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The aperture-level simultaneous transmit and receive (ALSTAR) system uses full digital architecture with an observation channel to achieve remarkably effective isotropic isolation (EII). However, the number of observation channels must be the same as the number of transmit channels, which increases the system’s complexity. To balance the system cost and performance of the ALSTAR, this paper proposes a joint design of sparse arrays and beamforming, which are achieved by a genetic algorithm and an alternating optimization algorithm, respectively. In the sparse design, we introduce beamforming technology to guarantee the EII while decreasing the corresponding elements of observation channel that contribute slightly to the EII. The simulation results are presented for a 32-element array that achieves 185.87 dB of the EII with 1000 W of transmit power. In the cases of sparsity rates at 0.875 and 0.75 (≥0.6), i.e., the number of observation channels decreases by 12.5% (2/16) and 25% (4/16), the reductions in EII do not exceed 1 dB and 3 dB, respectively. However, the EII decreases rapidly with a sparsity rate less than 0.25. Results demonstrate that our proposed joint design of sparse arrays and beamforming can reduce the system cost with little performance loss of EII.

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A Method to Improve the Performance of Arrays for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Transmit Beamforming Design Based on Multi-Receiver Power Suppression for STAR Digital Array

Transmit Beamforming Design Based on Multi-Receiver Power Suppression for STAR Digital Array

A Sparse Shared Aperture Design for Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays with Beam Constraints

A Sparse Design for Aperture-Level Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Arrays

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