A methodological reappraisal of non invasive high voltage electrical stimulation of lumbosacral nerve roots

Troni, W.; Sapio, Alessia Di; Berra, Eliana; Duca, Sergio; Merola, Aristide; Sperli, Francesca; Bertolotto, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2011.03.002

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We positioned the electrode array such that at more rostral stimulation levels (~L2 spinal segment), the threshold was lower for the proximal pools, whereas at more caudal stimulation levels (~S1 spinal segment), the threshold was lower for the distal pools [25]. This ensured that stimulation locations were similar with respect to position of the lumbosacral spinal cord in all subjects [25, 29]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of paired transcutaneous electrical stimulation delivered at single and dual sites over lumbosacral spinal cord

Sayenko

Atkinson

Floyd

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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It was demonstrated previously that transcutaneous electrical stimulation of multiple sites over the spinal cord is more effective in inducing robust locomotor behavior as compared to the stimulation of single sites alone in both animal and human models. To explore the effects and mechanisms of interactions during multi-site spinal cord stimulation we delivered transcutaneous electrical stimulation to the single or dual locations over the spinal cord corresponding to approximately L2 and S1 segments. Spinally evoked motor potentials in the leg muscles were investigated using single and paired pulses of 1 ms duration with conditioning-test intervals (CTIs) of 5 and 50 ms. We observed considerable post-stimulation modulatory effects which depended on CTIs, as well as on whether the paired stimuli were delivered at a single or dual locations, the rostro-caudal relation between the conditioning and test stimuli, and on the muscle studied. At CTI-5, the paired stimulation delivered at single locations (L2 or S1) provided strong inhibitory effects, evidenced by the attenuation of the compound responses as compared with responses from either single site. In contrast, during L2-S1 paradigm, the compound responses were potentiated. At CTI-50, the magnitude of inhibition did not differ among paired stimulation paradigms. Our results suggest that electrical stimuli delivered to dual sites over the lumbosacral enlargement in rostral-to-caudal order, may recruit different populations of motor neurons initially through projecting sensory and intraspinal connections and then directly, resulting in potentiation of the compound spinally evoked motor potentials. The interactive and synergistic effects indicate multi-segmental convergence of descending and ascending influences on the neuronal circuitries during electrical spinal cord stimulation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of paired transcutaneous electrical stimulation delivered at single and dual sites over lumbosacral spinal cord

Sayenko

Atkinson

Floyd

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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show abstract

“…Further, and in agreement with previous studies (Minassian, Persy et al 2007, Troni, Di Sapio et al 2011, Roy, Gibson et al 2012), the rostro-caudal level of stimulation also appeared to affect the preferential activation of afferent structures, with the potential of activation of motor fibers noted at more caudal stimulation locations (Fig. 7).…”

Section: Characterization Of Mmr Activation Patterns Evoked By Transcsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Anatomical variability in the level of termination of the spinal cord with reference to the spinal vertebrae has been demonstrated (Troni, Di Sapio et al 2011), so use of a bony landmark likely leads to variability with respect to order of recruitment of MMRs across participants, as has been demonstrated previously (Troni, Di Sapio et al 2011) and in the current study.…”

Section: Optimization Of Stimulation Locationmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…However, only a few studies have reported use of MMRs thus far, and these have varied in methodology, leading to incongruent reports regarding the nature of the responses following stimulation at a particular rostro-caudal location (Minassian, Persy et al 2007, Troni, Di Sapio et al 2011, Roy, Gibson et al 2012. Further, the extent to which MMRs might be optimized for use in studies examining modulation in response to specific conditioning stimuli has not been previously addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This ensured that stimulation was applied along the most rostral portion of the lumbosacral enlargement, in order to standardize the procedure across participants, as well as to minimize the possibility of stimulation of mixed peripheral nerves from the most rostral segments as they descend outside the spinal cord (Minassian, Persy et al 2007, Troni, Di Sapio et al 2011.…”

Section: Optimization Of Stimulation Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of residual descending pathways after human spinal cord injury.

Atkinson¹

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A multiple regression model of normal central and peripheral motor conduction times

et al. 2015

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IntroductionThe effects of age, height, and gender on magnetic central and peripheral motor conduction times (CMCT, PMCT) were analyzed using a multiple regression model.MethodsMotor evoked potentials were recorded in 91 healthy volunteers. Magnetic stimulation was performed over the primary motor cortex (cortical latency) and over the cervical and lumbar spines (spinal latency). The spinal latency was taken as an estimate of PMCT and was subtracted from cortical latency to yield CMCT.ResultsLower limb CMCT correlated significantly with height only; there were no significant predictors for upper limb CMCT. Upper and lower limb PMCT correlated with both age and height.ConclusionsThis is among the largest studies of CMCT in normal subjects. The multiple regression model unifies previously reported simple regression analyses, reconciles past discrepancies, and allows normal ranges to be individualized. Muscle Nerve 51:706–712, 2015

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A methodological reappraisal of non invasive high voltage electrical stimulation of lumbosacral nerve roots

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of paired transcutaneous electrical stimulation delivered at single and dual sites over lumbosacral spinal cord

Effects of paired transcutaneous electrical stimulation delivered at single and dual sites over lumbosacral spinal cord

Identification of residual descending pathways after human spinal cord injury.

A multiple regression model of normal central and peripheral motor conduction times

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