A Methodology for Sizing Backup Fuel-Cell/Battery Hybrid Power Systems

Vasallo, Manuel Jesús; Andújar, José Manuel; Garcia, Covadonga; Brey, J.J.

doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2021171

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…PEM fuel cells are emerging as an important alternative, because of their low operation temperature, and relatively fast response time [4]. Compared to batteries, fuel cells provide longer continuous runtime and greater durability in outdoor environments under a wide range of temperature conditions.…”

Section: Description Of Power Stage For Backup Power Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2(b), the stability of the power grid is an essential mission profile, and daily outage with 4-hour duration, which determines the operation period of the fuel cell system, can be expected for severe users [29]. Meanwhile, the loading profile of the telecom application is repeated with a 10-hour quarter load and 2-hour full load, as stated in [4]. Moreover, the input of the power stage, determined by the V-I characteristics of the fuel cell stack, is shown in Fig.…”

Section: A Description Of Mission Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the scalability of fuel cells allows extensive applications from low power to high power [3]. For instance, fuel cells have progressed from being a potential technology to a commercially viable power solution for mobile base stations [4]. Because telecom backup power systems are typically located in remote areas with harsh environments, frequent interruptions of the electrical grid place a high priority on the availability and reliability of the total system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mission Profile Based System-Level Reliability Analysis of DC/DC Converters for a Backup Power Application

Zhou

Wang

Blaabjerg

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

158

133

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Abstract-Reliability analysis is an important tool for assisting the design phase of a power electronic converter to fulfill its life-cycle specifications. Existing converter-level reliability analysis methods have two major limitations: 1) based on constant failure rate models and 2) lack of considerations of long-term operation conditions (i.e., mission profile). Although various studies have been presented on power electronic component-level lifetime prediction based on wear-out failure mechanisms and mission profile, it is still a challenge to apply the same method to the reliability analysis of converters with multiple components. Component lifetime prediction based on associated models provides only a Bx lifetime information (i.e., the time when X% items fail), but the time-dependent reliability curve is still not available. In this paper, a converter-level reliability analysis approach is proposed based on time-dependent failure rate models and longterm mission profiles. Two different methods to obtain the component-level time-to-failure are illustrated by a case study of dc/dc converters for a 5 kW fuel cell based backup power system. The reliability analysis of the converters with and without redundancy is also performed to assist the decision making in the design phase of the fuel cell power conditioning stage.Index Terms-Fuel cell system, system-level reliability, Weibull distribution, power semiconductor, capacitor, reliability block diagram.

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Section: Description Of Power Stage For Backup Power Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Description Of Mission Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mission Profile Based System-Level Reliability Analysis of DC/DC Converters for a Backup Power Application

Zhou

Wang

Blaabjerg

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

158

133

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“…Therefore, batteries, ultracapacitors or other auxiliary power sources are needed to support the operation of the FC, in order to ensure a fast response to any load power transient. The systems formed by a FC and an other auxiliary power source, known as FC hybrid systems, have been extensively researched over recent years [49][50][51][52]. These hybrid systems can limit the slope of the current or power generated by the FC, with the use of current-controlled dc-dc converters.…”

Section: Reactant Gas Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Main Power Electronics' Advances in Order to Ensure Efficient Operation and Durability of PEMFCs

et al. 2012

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Original scientific paperThis article focuses on the main issues that affect the lifetime and performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. The short lifespans of these fuel cells represent a barrier to their massive commercialization and usage in mobile and stationary applications. As fuel cell is a very complex system, a lot of knowledge of different areas is required, such as chemistry, electricity and mechanics, in order to completely understand its operation and all the problems that can occur during it. It is for this reason that an interdisciplinary approach needs to be taken when designing fuel-cell energy systems. This paper focuses on identifying and solving those issues that negatively affect the lifetime and performance of fuel cells. It is hoped that this article would be a valuable aid for power electronics' researchers and engineers for better understanding the presented issues and a useful guide for solving them with the use of proper power electronic-devices. Initially, the basic operation and structure of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell is explained. Three main issues that can occur during operation of a mobile or stationary fuel cell energy system are pointed out and discussed in details, on the basis of the state-of-the-art on fuel cell technology. These issues are poor water management, reactant gas starvation and fuel cell current ripple. This article provides answers as to why they occur, how they affect the fuel cell, how they can be mitigated, and what are the future trends within this research field.Key words: PEMFC, Water management, Reactant gas starvation, Current ripple, Power electronics.Pregled znanstvenih napredaka u učinskoj elektronici usmjerenih ka osiguravanju efikasnog rada i dužeg životnog vijeka PEM gorivihćelija.Članak se osvrće na ključna pitanja koja utječu na vrijeme rada i performanse gorivihćelija s polimernom membranom kao elektrolitom. Kratak životni vijek gorivihćelija takve vrste prepreka je njihovoj komercijalizaciji i masovnoj upotrebi u mobilnim i stacionarnim stanicama. Budući da su gorivećelije komplicirani sustavi potrebno je znanje iz raznih područja kemije, elektrotehnike i mehanike da bi se u potpunosti mogao razumjeti njihov način rada i problemi koji se dogadaju. Upravo je zbog toga multidisciplinarni pristup nužnost pri razvoju sustava koji koriste gorivećelije. Ovaj ječlanak usmjeren prema identifikaciji i rješavanju onih problema koji negativno utječu na životni vijek i performanse gorivihćelija. Autori se nadaju daće sečlanak pokazati kao korisna pomoć i vodič istraživačima i inženjerima u domeni učinske elektronike pri susretu s navedenim problemima. Objašnjen je način rada i struktura gorivećelije s polimernom membranom kao elektrolitom. Izložena su, i diskutirana do u detalje, tri glavna problema sa stajališta trenutačnih spoznaja u području učinske elektronike. Ti problemi su: loše upravljanje vodom, nestanak reaktantnog plina i strujni trzaji u gorivimćelijama. Objašnjeno je zašto se ovi problemi dogadaju, kako utječu na gorivućelij...

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“…There are many types of short-term ESSs, such as the battery energy storage system (BESS), flywheel energy storage system (FES), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), and super-capacitor energy storage (SCES) [17]- [24]. Since each ESS has its own strength and weakness depending on the storage requirements and energy conversion system involved, it is very important to select the optimum type for any specific application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Storage Application Strategy on DC Electric Railroad System using a Novel Railroad Analysis Algorithm

Lee¹,

Lee

et al. 2010

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-There is an increasing interest in research to help overcome the energy crisis that has been focused on energy storage applications in various parts of power systems. Energy storage systems are good at enhancing the reliability or improving the efficiency of a power system by creating a time gap between the generation and the consumption of power. As a contribution to the various applications of storage devices, this paper describes a novel algorithm that determines the power and storage capacity of selected energy storage devices in order to improve upon railroad system efficiency. The algorithm is also demonstrated by means of simulation studies for the Korean railroad lines now in service. A part of this novel algorithm includes the DC railroad powerflow algorithm that considers the mobility of railroad vehicles, which is necessary because the electric railroad system has a distinct distribution system where the location and power of vehicles are not fixed values. In order to derive a more accurate powerflow result, this algorithm has been designed to consider the rail voltage as well as the feeder voltage for calculating the vehicle voltage. By applying the resultant control scheme, the charging or discharging within a specific voltage boundary, energy savings and a substation voltage stabilization using storage devices are achieved at the same time.

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A Methodology for Sizing Backup Fuel-Cell/Battery Hybrid Power Systems

Cited by 57 publications

References 35 publications

Mission Profile Based System-Level Reliability Analysis of DC/DC Converters for a Backup Power Application

Mission Profile Based System-Level Reliability Analysis of DC/DC Converters for a Backup Power Application

A Review of the Main Power Electronics' Advances in Order to Ensure Efficient Operation and Durability of PEMFCs

Energy Storage Application Strategy on DC Electric Railroad System using a Novel Railroad Analysis Algorithm

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