“…We constructed an optical system with 532 nm laser-excited backscatter RS collection and cell bright-field imaging, as described in our previous works [ 44 , 45 ]. Briefly, the system was constructed from an inverted optical microscope (Axiovert 200, Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany), a spectrometer (Specta Pro 2300i, Acton, Trenton, NJ, USA) with a liquid-nitrogen (LN)-cooled spectroscopic CCD (Spec-10, Princeton Instruments, Trenton, NJ, USA) with a spectral resolution of 4 cm −1 , and a wavelength of 532 nm continuous-wave laser diode (Excelsior-532-200, Spectra Physics, Santa Clara, CA, USA).…”