A micro-temporal geospatial analysis of medical marijuana dispensaries and crime in Long Beach, California

Freisthler, Bridget; Ponicki, William R.; Gaidus, Andrew; Gruenewald, Paul J.

doi:10.1111/add.13301

Cited by 56 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For instance, if a new dispensary opens in a location that was previously a vacant lot or a failed business, the dispensary will bring new foot traffic and business to the area. The increase in foot traffic is an increase in "eyes on the street," which previous work suggests reduces crime in the immediate area (Chang and Jacobson 2017;Freisthler et al 2016Freisthler et al , 2017 Moreover, dispensaries are known for having high levels of security such as security guards and cameras. Reduced crime is certainly attractive to a homebuyer, and this could explain some of the observed premium of living near a dispensary.…”

Section: A Main Specification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Marijuana Dispensary Openings on Housing Prices

Burkhardt

Flyr

2018

Contemporary Economic Policy

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We evaluate the effect of medical and recreational dispensary openings on housing prices in Denver, Colorado. Using an event study approach, we find that the introduction of a new dispensary within a half‐mile radius of a new home increases home prices by approximately 7.7% on average. The effect diminishes for homes further from new dispensaries but is consistent over time. Our results provide important and timely empirical evidence on the socioeconomic impacts of marijuana legalization. (JEL R32, R38, R5)

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Section: A Main Specification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chang and Jacobson (2017) for example, find that localized property crime rates are likely to decrease in response to medical marijuana dispensary openings. See Freisthler et al (2016Freisthler et al ( , 2017 and Kepple and Freisthler (2012) for similar applications.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Marijuana Dispensary Openings on Housing Prices

Burkhardt

Flyr

2018

Contemporary Economic Policy

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“…Previous research showed that the availability of medical cannabis dispensaries increased its use, and problems with cannabis abuse [7,8], and was associated with increased likelihood of child physical abuse [9]. Availability of medical cannabis dispensaries was associated with increased crime in Los Angeles, California [10], while no associations were found between density of medical cannabis dispensaries and crime in Sacramento, California [11] or in Long Beach, California [12]. In Colorado, legalisation of recreational cannabis was associated with an increase in health-care utilisation due to burns, cyclic vomiting syndrome or ingestion complications [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Availability of licensed cannabis businesses in relation to area deprivation in Washington state: A spatiotemporal analysis of cannabis business presence between 2014 and 2017

Amiri

Monsivais

McDonell

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and Aims In states where recreational use of cannabis has been legalised, increasing numbers of cannabis licensed cannabis businesses resulted in concerns about their potential social and health impacts. This study examined spatiotemporal variations in availability of cannabis licensed cannabis businesses (i.e. producers, processors and retailers) in relation to area deprivation in Washington state from 2014 to 2017. Design and Methods Data on licensed cannabis businesses were obtained from the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board. The number of licensed cannabis businesses was estimated for Washington's 1446 census tracts. Census tracts were stratified into tertiles based on the Singh's Area Deprivation Index showing socio‐economic characteristics of communities (least‐deprived, middle‐deprived and most‐deprived). The Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation approach allowed for the spatial and temporal characterisation of cannabis businesses, accounting for similarities based on neighbouring census tracts. Results The density of all licensed cannabis outlets increased over time. Most‐deprived areas have increased likelihood of licensed cannabis outlet density when compared to least‐deprived areas. No differences were observed in the likelihood of licensed cannabis outlet density in middle‐deprived areas when compared to least‐deprived areas. Discussion and Conclusions The results of this study showed disparity with respect to licensed cannabis outlet density in Washington state over time. The findings call for initiatives, policies and research that decrease disparities in cannabis outlet locations.

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“…Given the value of social media as a marketing strategy for businesses, we additionally examine the popularity of social media sites maintained by Weedmaps, indicated by the number of followers on each site, and the demographic characteristics of these followers on two popular social media platforms (i.e., Instagram and Twitter). Weedmaps is described as the “ first and largest global technology and media company in the marijuana space ” (Business Wire, 2016) and numerous scientific studies have utilized Weedmaps as a resource for dispensary information (Freisthler & Gruenewald, 2014; Freisthler, Ponicki, Gaidus, & Gruenewald, 2016; Mukhija & Loukaitou-Sideris, 2015). Weedmaps enables potential customers to identify marijuana retailers near their location and share customer reviews about the quality of products and services of the retailers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exploring Marijuana Advertising on Weedmaps, a Popular Online Directory

et al. 2016

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With an increase in the legalization of recreational marijuana across the U.S., advertising for marijuana products is more widespread, especially on the Internet where such practices pose a regulatory challenge. In this study, we examined the content of marijuana advertising on Weedmaps, a popular website that markets marijuana retailers online. A total of 146 recreational marijuana retailers in Colorado and Washington were examined on Weedmaps. We studied the age verification practices made in retailers’ own websites, the presence of health claims they made about marijuana on Weedmaps, and the characteristics of followers of Weedmaps on social media sites. Many retailers had no security measure to determine age (41% in Colorado, 35% in Washington). Approximately 61% of retailers in Colorado and 44% in Washington made health claims about the benefits of marijuana, including anxiety reduction, treatment of depression, insomnia, and pain/inflammation. Inferred demographic characteristics of followers of Weedmaps on Twitter and Instagram revealed that over 60% were male and nearly 70% or more were age 20–29 years old, yet some (15%–18%) were under the age of 20. Our findings indicate that marijuana retailers have a visible presence on the Internet. Potential customers might be enticed by retailers who tout health claims about marijuana use. It may also be appealing for a younger demographic to overlook age restrictions and engage with marijuana retailers via social media. As a whole, our findings can help to guide future policy making on the issue of marijuana-related advertising.

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A micro-temporal geospatial analysis of medical marijuana dispensaries and crime in Long Beach, California

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

The Effect of Marijuana Dispensary Openings on Housing Prices

The Effect of Marijuana Dispensary Openings on Housing Prices

Availability of licensed cannabis businesses in relation to area deprivation in Washington state: A spatiotemporal analysis of cannabis business presence between 2014 and 2017

Exploring Marijuana Advertising on Weedmaps, a Popular Online Directory

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