A microarray approach identifies ANT, OS-D and takeout-like genes as differentially regulated in alate and apterous morphs of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Ghanim, Murad; Dombrovsky, Aviv; Raccah, B.; Sherman, Amir

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.08.007

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition to takeout, we have previously shown that two additional homologs also exhibit malebiased expression (Dauwalder et al, 2002). takeout homologs have since been identified in several other insect species in a variety of tissues, including olfactory organs (Du et al, 2003;Fujikawa et al, 2006;Ghanim et al, 2006;Saito et al, 2006;Hagai et al, 2007;Jordan et al, 2008;Hamiaux et al, 2009;Schwinghammer et al, 2010). Together, current data suggest that takeout is part of a large gene family found throughout insects with potential roles in metabolism, circadian behavior, aging, and male courtship behavior.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…However, our expression data are only from one species, thus we present this conclusion with caution until takeout expression is studied in other species. At present, few takeout family members have been well described in other species (Du et al, 2003;Fujikawa et al, 2006;Ghanim et al, 2006;Saito et al, 2006;Hagai et al, 2007;Jordan et al, 2008;Hamiaux et al, 2009;Schwinghammer et al, 2010). Some takeout family members in other Drosophila species have been identified in isolated antennae, a tissue in which D. melanogaster takeout expression is not sex-biased (Dauwalder et al, 2002), it remains to be seen whether their expression in other tissues is sex-biased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversification of takeout, a male-biased gene family in Drosophila

Vanaphan

Dauwalder

Zufall

2012

Gene

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of takeout, a male-biased gene family in Drosophila

Vanaphan

Dauwalder

Zufall

2012

Gene

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“…While apterous adults feed broadly, the alates are highly host specific-they target members of the genus Prunus, especially peaches. The expression of a to homolog is increased in the picky alate stage of the aphid compared to the apterous adult (Ghanim et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genetic Changes Accompanying the Evolution of Host Specialization in Drosophila sechellia

2009

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Changes in host specialization contribute to the diversification of phytophagous insects. When shifting to a new host, insects evolve new physiological, morphological, and behavioral adaptations. Our understanding of the genetic changes responsible for these adaptations is limited. For instance, we do not know how often host shifts involve gain-of-function vs. loss-of-function alleles. Recent work suggests that some genes involved in odor recognition are lost in specialists. Here we show that genes involved in detoxification and metabolism, as well as those affecting olfaction, have reduced gene expression in Drosophila sechellia-a specialist on the fruit of Morinda citrifolia. We screened for genes that differ in expression between D. sechellia and its generalist sister species, D. simulans. We also screened for genes that are differentially expressed in D. sechellia when these flies chose their preferred host vs. when they were forced onto other food. D. sechellia increases expression of genes involved with oogenesis and fatty acid metabolism when on its host. The majority of differentially expressed genes, however, appear downregulated in D. sechellia. For several functionally related genes, this decrease in expression is associated with apparent loss-of-function alleles. For example, the D. sechellia allele of Odorant binding protein 56e (Obp56e) harbors a premature stop codon. We show that knockdown of Obp56e activity significantly reduces the avoidance response of D. melanogaster toward M. citrifolia. We argue that apparent loss-of-function alleles like Obp56e potentially contributed to the initial adaptation of D. sechellia to its host. Our results suggest that a subset of genes reduce or lose function as a consequence of host specialization, which may explain why, in general, specialist insects tend to shift to chemically similar hosts.

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“…At this stage of our knowledge only few reports deal with the genetic and molecular basis of aphid diversity. However, some transcriptomic differences between morph categories, but never between individuals of the same category, have been reported using microarray technology (Lushai and Loxdale 2002;Braendle et al 2006;Ghanim et al 2006;Brisson et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling the repertoire of phenotypes influenced by environmental cues that occur during asexual reproduction

Dombrovsky¹,

Arthaud²,

Ledger³

et al. 2009

Genome Res.

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The aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum population is composed of different morphs, such as winged and wingless parthenogens, males, and sexual females. The combined effect of reduced photoperiodicity and cold in fall triggers the apparition of sexual morphs. In contrast they reproduce asexually in spring and summer. In our current study, we provide evidence that clonal individuals display phenotypic variability within asexual morph categories. We describe that clones sharing the same morphological features, which arose from the same founder mother, constitute a repertoire of variants with distinct behavioral and physiological traits. Our results suggest that the prevailing environmental conditions influence the recruitment of adaptive phenotypes from a cohort of clonal individuals exhibiting considerable molecular diversity. However, we observed that the variability might be reduced or enhanced by external factors, but is never abolished in accordance with a model of stochastically produced phenotypes. This overall mechanism allows the renewal of colonies from a few adapted individuals that survive drastic episodic changes in a fluctuating environment.[Supplemental material is available online at http://www.genome.org.]Aphids exhibit a complex mode of reproduction, combining parthenogenesis (spring/summer) and sexual activity (fall/winter) in species such as Acyrthociphon pisum (Dixon 1973;Blackman and Eastop 1984). Aphids thus constitute an excellent model system to investigate how this double reproductive system generates polyphenism, a generic concept used to describe the emergence of distinct morphs, such as winged, wingless, sexual female, and male (Blackman and Eastop 1984;Blackman 1987;Muller et al. 2001). Aphid morph distribution, particularly wing dimorphism, is influenced by environmental conditions, such as population density (crowding effects) (Sutherland 1969) and/or host plant vitality, as well as physical parameters including humidity, temperature, and photoperiodicity (Walters and Dixon 1982;Dixon 1998). This raises fascinating questions regarding the outcomes of alternative developmental mechanisms that cause morph switching in a predictable way (Stearns 1989;Nijhout 1999).Some aphid species are ''sexual'' lineages committed exclusively to sexual reproduction, others are ''facultative asexual'' lineages, which alternate between sexual and parthenogenetic modes depending on the season, while some others are obligate parthenogens (Delmotte et al. 2002;Le Trionnaire et al. 2008). This combined double system of reproduction is shared with many other species like Daphnia ( Despite some divergent reports, most authors seem to agree that sexual populations in aphids present a high allelic polymorphism of many genes and predominance of homozygous loci within individuals. In contrast, asexual populations seem to present less allelic polymorphism, but strong heterozygosity at most loci (Delmotte et al. 2002;Kanbe and Akimoto, 2009). It is largely assumed that organisms reproducing asexually should maintain lower g...

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A microarray approach identifies ANT, OS-D and takeout-like genes as differentially regulated in alate and apterous morphs of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer)

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Diversification of takeout, a male-biased gene family in Drosophila

Diversification of takeout, a male-biased gene family in Drosophila

Genetic Changes Accompanying the Evolution of Host Specialization in Drosophila sechellia

Profiling the repertoire of phenotypes influenced by environmental cues that occur during asexual reproduction

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