A microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor: Turbulence measurement and simulation

Cheng, Janine Chungyin; Olsen, Michael G.; Fox, Rodney O.

doi:10.1063/1.3125428

Cited by 57 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…19 The flow field is solved using simpleFoam (using SIMPLE pressure correction), and the turbulence field is modeled by a k-ε model with a wall function. The LES results 16 are used to validate the accuracy of the k-ε model results for the turbulence fields. Please refer elsewhere 20 for details.…”

Section: Comprehensive Model For Fnp Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to build a comprehensive model for the FNP process, the first step is to construct a reliable CFD model for microreactors. In previous work, 16 micro-PIV data have been used to evaluate the accuracy of using existing CFD models in simulating the flow within the MIVR. Laminar simulations were performed for low Reynolds number cases, and large-eddy simulations (LES) using the Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid model 17,18 were performed for the higher Reynolds number cases.…”

Section: Comprehensive Model For Fnp Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Modeling of Nanoprecipitation using CFD Coupled with a Population Balance

Cheng

Fox

2010

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A model study has been conducted for Flash Nanoprecipitation (FNP)sa novel approach to produce functional nanoparticles. A population balance equation with the FNP kinetics has been integrated into a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a custom-designed microscale multi-inlet vortex reactor (MIVR) to yield conditions comparable to the real experimental settings. In coping with the complicated aggregation model in the CFD code, a new numerical approach, the conditional quadrature method of moments (CQMOM), has been proposed, which is capable of solving the multivariate system efficiently and accurately. It is shown that the FNP process is highly influenced by mixing effects in the microreactor, and thus coupling CFD with the kinetics model is essential in obtaining valid comparisons with experiments. A model study has been conducted for Flash Nanoprecipitation (FNP)sa novel approach to produce functional nanoparticles. A population balance equation with the FNP kinetics has been integrated into a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a custom-designed microscale multi-inlet vortex reactor (MIVR) to yield conditions comparable to the real experimental settings. In coping with the complicated aggregation model in the CFD code, a new numerical approach, the conditional quadrature method of moments (CQMOM), has been proposed, which is capable of solving the multivariate system efficiently and accurately. It is shown that the FNP process is highly influenced by mixing effects in the microreactor, and thus coupling CFD with the kinetics model is essential in obtaining valid comparisons with experiments. Disciplines Biological Engineering | Chemical Engineering

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Section: Comprehensive Model For Fnp Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comprehensive Model For Fnp Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Modeling of Nanoprecipitation using CFD Coupled with a Population Balance

Cheng

Fox

2010

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In the outlet where the fluid is more confined, the motions of the interfaces is less pronounced. The flow is still laminar, 9 and poor overall mixing is observed. Previous research has suggested that Re j ¼ 93 is near the transition from laminar to turbulent flow.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscale reactors such as the confined impinging-jets reactor (CIJR) [12][13][14] and multi-inlet vortex reactor (MIVR) 9,15 are used in FNP. In the CIJR, a highly turbulent region is created where the two inlet jets impinge, resulting in successful nanoparticle generation.…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Confocal imaging of laminar and turbulent mixing in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor

Shi

Fox

Olsen

2011

Applied Physics Letters

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Mass production of functional nanoparticles may be realized through flash nanoprecipiation in microscale reactors such as the multi-inlet vortex reactor (MIVR). A comprehensive understanding of mixing in the MIVR is required for process control and reactor design. Mixing in the MIVR is studied using a technique coupling laser induced fluorescence with confocal laser scanning microscopy. It is shown to provide meaningful qualitative and statistical data of the scalar field for analysis and comparison with numerical simulations. Data were collected for four flow rates, showing that mixing is incomplete even at the highest flow rate.

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“…25,34,35 The jet Reynolds number is defined as Re j ¼ U j D h / ¼ 10, 53, 93, and 240, where U j is the bulk inlet velocity, D h is the hydraulic diameter of the inlet channel, and is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid. The data acquisition locations are shown on the bottom right of Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromixing visualization and quantification in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor using confocal-based reactive micro laser-induced fluorescence

2014

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A technique for visualizing and quantifying reactive mixing for laminar and turbulent flow in a microscale chemical reactor using confocal-based microscopic laser induced fluorescence (confocal l-LIF) was demonstrated in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor. Unlike passive scalar l-LIF, the reactive l-LIF technique is able to visualize and quantify micromixing effects. The confocal imaging results indicated that the flow in the reactor was laminar and steady for inlet Reynolds numbers of 10, 53, and 93. Mixing and reaction were incomplete at each of these Reynolds numbers. The results also suggested that although mixing by diffusion was enhanced near the midplane of the reactor at Re j ¼ 53 and 93 due to very thin bands of acidic and basic fluid forming as the fluid spiraled towards the center of the reactor, near the top, and bottom walls of the reactor, the lower velocities due to fluid friction with the walls hindered the formation of these thin bands, and, thus, resulted in large regions of unmixed and unreacted fluid. At Re j ¼ 240, the flow was turbulent and unsteady. The mixing and reaction processes were still found to be incomplete even at this highest Reynolds number. At the reactor midplane, the flow images at Re j ¼ 240 showed unmixed base fluid near the center of the reactor, suggesting that just as in the Re j ¼ 53 and 93 cases, lower velocities near the top and bottom walls of the reactor hinder the mixing and rection of the acidic and basic streams. Ensemble averages of line-scan profiles for the Re j ¼ 240 were then calculated to provide statistical quantification of the microscale mixing in the reactor. These results further demonstrate that even at this highest Reynolds number investigated, mixing and reaction are incomplete. Visualization and quantification of micromixing using this reactive l-LIF technique can prove useful in the validation of computational fluid dynamics models of micromixing within microscale chemical reactors. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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A microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor: Turbulence measurement and simulation

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

Kinetic Modeling of Nanoprecipitation using CFD Coupled with a Population Balance

Kinetic Modeling of Nanoprecipitation using CFD Coupled with a Population Balance

Confocal imaging of laminar and turbulent mixing in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor

Micromixing visualization and quantification in a microscale multi-inlet vortex nanoprecipitation reactor using confocal-based reactive micro laser-induced fluorescence

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