A microstructurally based method for stress estimates

Microstructural evolution of pure copper subjected to friction sliding deformation at room temperature

“…There has been much interest in recent years in the development and application of processes for introducing a gradient nanostructure into the surface layers of metals by use of severe plastic deformation (SPD) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Such studies are motivated by the fact that for many applications the surface properties, such as hardness and wear resistance, are of prime importance for determining the service life of metal components, and the ability of these processes to enhance such surface properties has already been demonstrated [10][11][12][13].…”

Comparison of Nanocrystalline Surface Layer in Steels Formed by Air Blast and Ultrasonic Shot Peening

“…Various SPD processes have been proposed to produce the NC materials, such as ball milling (BM), [1][2][3][4] ball drop deformation (BD), 4,5) particle impact deformation (PI), 6) high pressure torsion, 7) sliding wear 8,9) and shot peening. 6,[10][11][12][13][14][15] Among these techniques, the shot peening has considerable importance since it is a popular process in industries and it can produce the nanostructured surface layer with a high productivity.…”

Positron Annihilation Studies of the Subsurface Zone in Aluminium Alloys

“…However, for high purity copper the linear change in flow stress below the surface was observed [18]. Therefore, it seems that in the case of the AK64 alloy the positron lifetime profile and what follows the defect concentration profile connected with the subsurface deformation has a similar character.…”