A Mid-European Decadal Isotope-Climate Record from 15,500 to 5000 Years B.P.

Grafenstein, Ulrich von; Erlenkeuser, Helmut; Brauer, Achim; Jouzel, Jean; Johnsen, S. J.

doi:10.1126/science.284.5420.1654

Cited by 603 publications

(411 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…At LPA highest inferred temperatures were recorded at the onset of the Bølling, and they slowly decreased during the Allerød. A similar trend was reconstructed with chironomid assemblages at Whitrig Bog, southeastern Scotland (Brooks and Birks, 2000a), at Hawes Water, northern England (Bedford et al, 2004), and at Egelsee (Larocque et al, submitted for publication), as well as by δ 18 O records north of the Alps (von Grafenstein et al, 1999(von Grafenstein et al, , 2000Frisia et al, 2005). At Lago di Lavarone, however, Allerød chironomid-inferred temperatures were slightly higher (by 1°C) than during the Bølling, suggesting that a temperature change might explain the expansion of thermophilous tree-species at that time, as discussed by Finsinger (2004).…”

Section: Patterns Of Climatic Change As Inferred From Chironomid Recomentioning

confidence: 76%

Late-glacial chironomid-based temperature reconstructions for Lago Piccolo di Avigliana in the southwestern Alps (Italy)

Larocque

Finsinger

2008

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Chironomid headcapsules were used to reconstruct late glacial and early-Holocene summer temperatures at Lago Piccolo di Avigliana (LPA). Two training sets (northern Sweden, North America) were used to infer temperatures. The reconstructed patterns of temperature change agreed well with the GRIP and NGRIP δ 18 O records. Inferred temperatures were high during the Bølling (ca 19°C), slowly decreased to ca 17.5°C during the Allerød, reached lowest temperatures (ca 16°C) during the Younger Dryas, and increased to ca. 18.5°C during the Preboreal. The amplitudes of change at climate transitions (i.e. Oldest Dryas/Bølling: 3°C, Allerød/Younger Dryas: 1.5°C, and Younger Dryas/Preboreal: 2.5°C) were smaller than in the northern Alps but similar to those recorded at another site in northeastern Italy. Our results suggest that (1) Allerød temperatures were higher in the southern Alps and (2) higher during the Preboreal (1°C) than during the Allerød. These differences might provide an explanation for the different responses of terrestrial-vegetation to late glacial and early-Holocene climatic changes in the two regions. Other sites on both sides of the Alps should be studied to confirm these two hypotheses.

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Section: Patterns Of Climatic Change As Inferred From Chironomid Recomentioning

confidence: 76%

Late-glacial chironomid-based temperature reconstructions for Lago Piccolo di Avigliana in the southwestern Alps (Italy)

Larocque

Finsinger

2008

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…(1) episodes of cooler climate at 9.3-9.1 and c. 8.2 ka cal BP are indicated by Oisotope studies of speleothems from caves in Austria (Wurth et al, 2004;Boch et al, 2009) and northwest Romania (Tămaș et al, 2005), (2) negative O-isotope excursions indicative of cooling and increased precipitation are registered in sediment cores from Lake Ammersee in southern Germany at c. 9.2 ka and 8.2 ka cal BP (von Grafenstein et al, 1998(von Grafenstein et al, , 1999, (3) vegetation responses to climatic cooling have been recorded in high altitude peat bogs and lake sediments in the Swiss Alps (Tinner and Lotter, 2001;Kofler et al, 2005) at 8.2 ka cal BP and in northwest Romania at 9.3 and 8.2 ka cal BP (Feurdean, 2005), and (4) research by Magny (2004) has documented 15 episodes of higher lake level in the Alps and Jura mountains reflecting increases in annual precipitation that were broadly synchronous with RCC events recorded in Greenland ice cores, including 9550-9150, 8300-8050 and 7550-7250 cal BP (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Fig 4 About Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A -after Bond et al (1997); B, D, F, G -smoothed records redrawn from Rohling and Pälike (2005); E -after Siani et al (2013); C -horizontal bars represent cold phases recorded in δ 18 O records from V11 Cave, NW Romania (Tămaș et al, 2005) and Katerloch Cave, Austria (Boch et al, 2009); vertical grey bars represent higher lake-level events in the Alps-Jura region (Magny, 2004). (Wurth et al, 2004); 2 -Katerloch Cave (Boch et al, 2009); 3 -V11 Cave (Tămaș et al, 2007); 4 -Lake Ammersee (von Grafenstein et al, 1998(von Grafenstein et al, , 1999; 5 -Lake Schleinsee (Tinner and Lotter, 2001); 6 -Lake Soppensee (Tinner and Lotter, 2001); 7 -Brunnboden and Krummgampen peat bogs (Kofler et al, 2005); 8 -Preluca Tiganului and Steregoiu peat bogs (Feurdean, 2005); 9 -Alps-Jura lakes study region (Magny, 2004); 10 -Teleorman Valley (Macklin et al, 2011); 11 -Durance Valley (Miramont et al, 2001); 12 -Middle Rhône Valley (Berger et al, 2002). …”

Section: Fig 1 Mesolithic and Early Neolithic Sites In The Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene climate change and prehistoric settlement in the lower Danube valley

Macklin

Boroneanț²,

Pickard

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

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An analysis of the summed probability distributions of 293 radiocarbon dates from Late Glacial to mid-Holocene sites in the Danubian Iron Gates highlights the existence of well-marked 14 C discontinuities at c. 9.5-9.0 ka, 8.65-8.0 ka and after 7.8 ka cal BP. These coincide with climate anomalies recorded in Greenland ice cores and palaeoclimate archives from the Danube catchment. Four possible explanations are considered: dwindling fish resources, changes in the social environment, floodinduced settlement relocations, and taphonomic effects. On present evidence, the last two factors are thought to be the most likely cause of the discontinuities observed in the Iron Gates Mesolithic-Early Neolithic radiocarbon record.

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“…The solid flux increase during phase 5 reflects a trend to a more humid climate despite the brief cold and dry climatic event at 8200 cal. BP ( [Denton and Karlén, 1973], [Von Grafenstein et al, 1999], [Johnsen et al, 2001] and [Alley and Agustsdottir, 2005]). The continuous humidity and the development of forest cover due to improved climate (Visset et al, 2005), particularly the development of Alnus in the floodplain during the Subboreal, can explain the decreased solid load and increased incision during that period.…”

Section: Fluvial-system Reactivity To the Forcing Factors And Specifimentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal evolution of the Choisille River (southern Parisian Basin, France) during the Weichselian and the Holocene as a record of climate trend and human activity in north-western Europe

Morin

Macaire

Hinschberger

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

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drigues, et al.. Spatio-temporal evolution of the Choisille River (southern Parisian Basin, France) during the Weichselian and the Holocene as a record of climate trend and human activity in north-western Europe. Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier, 2011, 30 (3-4) AbstractThe morpho-sedimentary evolution of the Choisille floodplain (lowland river, catchment: 288 km 2 ), a tributary of the River Loire in the south-western Parisian Basin, was studied through 61 core drillings along eight transects and a geophysical survey located in four stretches of the river: stretches A and B correspond to two sub-catchments, and stretches C and D are in the main valley. Sixty 14 C and four OSL datings were obtained, and sediments were analysed on seven reference cores. Eight phases of evolution differing markedly from the evolution of more northern areas in the Parisian Basin and north-western Europe were identified from spatio-temporal distribution of nine lithological facies. The deepest incision phase (1) occurred during the first part of the Weichselian, followed by the deposition of a gravelly-sandy unit (phase 2) during the Middle Pleniglacial, which was deeply incised (phase 3), probably during the Bölling. From the Allerød up to the last third of the Boreal (phase 4), sedimentation was continuously dominated by peaty deposits, with no evidence of either increased hydraulic energy during the Younger Dryas, or of incision during the LateGlacialHolocene transition. This trend seems to reflect the specificity of the south-western Parisian Basin climate from the Late Weichselian up to the end of the Boreal, due to the influence of the Atlantic Ocean, compared to more northern areas where the climate was more continental. The downstream incision trend during the last third of the Boreal up to the Subatlantic (phases 5 and 6) indicates a sharp increase in precipitation and vegetation cover; the lack of peaty sediments, widespread in north-western Europe, and also of precipitated carbonates frequent in the Parisian Basin, seems to be due to local physiographic characteristics. The main part of the sediment filling, which is principally silty and retrograde, began during the Subatlantic (phase 7 and 8) as a result of deforestation of the plateaux for crop farming. High humaninduced sediment yield and storage concealed the possible impacts of climate change on fluvial dynamics: lithological facies change from phase 7 to 8 can only indicate the autogenic morphological evolution of the floodplain in accretion. The non-univocal upstreamdownstream variation in the start of phase 7 shows that sediment yield varied in space and time in the catchment, particularly in relation to the agricultural potential of the different areas; this observation could be used to testify human-induced sedimentation in other catchments.

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A Mid-European Decadal Isotope-Climate Record from 15,500 to 5000 Years B.P.

Cited by 603 publications

References 34 publications

Late-glacial chironomid-based temperature reconstructions for Lago Piccolo di Avigliana in the southwestern Alps (Italy)

Late-glacial chironomid-based temperature reconstructions for Lago Piccolo di Avigliana in the southwestern Alps (Italy)

Holocene climate change and prehistoric settlement in the lower Danube valley

Spatio-temporal evolution of the Choisille River (southern Parisian Basin, France) during the Weichselian and the Holocene as a record of climate trend and human activity in north-western Europe

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