A mild and efficient method for esterification and transesterification catalyzed by iodine

Iodine-catalyzed Transformation of Aryl-substituted Alcohols Under Solvent-free and Highly Concentrated Reaction Conditions

“…Reaction of 10 in a mixture of 3% of I 2 , 3 % of water and 3 mmol of methanol furnished 11c as the only product (entry 7). The result indicates that iodine is relatively highly water tolerant 76 and retains its catalytic activity in contrast to the numerous other Lewis acids. Iodine and KI were stirred together before 10 were added in order to establish the effect of iodine complexation.…”

Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Alcohols and Ethers Containing a Tetrahydropyran Ring Derived from 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one

“…Esterification of the carboxylic acid 3 with alcohols was performed using iodine or p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst and the results are summarized in Table 3. Iodine has previously been reported to be an effective catalyst for the esterification reaction 11,12 . In the production of the methyl ester 5a entries 1, 2 , ethyl ester 5b entries 3,4 , and propyl ester 5c entries 5,6 , both iodine and p-toluenesulfonic acid were effective as catalysts.…”

ZrOCl2·8H2O: An Efficient, Cheap and Reusable Catalyst for the Esterification of Acrylic Acid and Other Carboxylic Acids with Equimolar Amounts of Alcohols

“…Esters 3il and 3im are new compounds, and they were characterized by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR, elemental analysis and GC-MS. 3ik and 4 are known compounds and their structures were confirmed by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR and GC-MS. The other esters are all known compounds and their identities were confirmed by GC and GC-MS comparison with the authentic samples.…”

“…Esters are the important class of organic compounds, which are usually prepared by the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols catalyzed by H 2 SO 4 , TsOH [1,2] and other catalysts [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Because the esterification is a reversible reaction, in order to obtain a high yield of ester, an excess amount of one of the reactants is normally required, and/or removal of H 2 O by azeotropic distillation during the reaction is usually performed.…”