A mild and efficient one-pot synthesis of 2-dihydroimidazoles from aldehydes

Microwave-assisted conversion of aromatic heterocyclic nitriles to various heterocyclic molecules

“…Since this investigation deals with a new approach to synthesize these medicinally important heterocyclic compounds, it is essential to review the procedures reported in literature. These procedures involve condensation via using (i) heterogeneous catalyst such as silphox with dimethylformamide (15) (21), (iii) solid support reagents (22), polyphosphoric acid (23), and N-bromosuccinimide (24). These heterocyclic molecules also have been synthesized by microwave irradiation (25Á27), ultrasound irradiation by using catalyst (27), and by using ceric ammonium nitrate in presence of hydrogen peroxide under solvent free condition (28).…”

Microwave-assisted facile synthesis of 2-substituted 2-imidazolines

“…To date, there are several synthetic methods for 2-imidazolines starting mainly from aldehydes and ethylenediamine with NBS. 6 Some methods includes synthesis from nitriles 7 , carboxylic acids 8 , esters 9 , ortho-esters 10 , hydroxyamides 11 and mono or disubstituted chlorodicyanovinyl benzene 12 . Recently, the organic reactions under microwave irradiation are attracted attention of scientists due to their high reaction rate, mild reaction conditions and the formation of clean products 13 .…”

Synthesis, spectral analysis, and in vitro microbiological evaluation of ethyl 7,9-diaryl-1, 4-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-9-ene-6- carboxylates as a new class of antibacterial and antifungal agents

“…An imidazole ring forms a part of some antitumor drugs such as dacarbazine (5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide) and Azathioprine (Imuran, 6-[(1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]-7H-purine) [12], as well as the tumor growthinhibiting iminoimidazolidine (Cyclocreatine) [13]. N A variety of methods has been reported for the synthesis of imidazolines, which include conversion of esters using aluminum reagents [14], the reaction between N-ethoxycarbonylthioamides with 1,2-diamines [15], and the reaction of aldehydes with 1,2-diamines followed by N-halosuccinimides [16]. Recently, several methods have been developed where azalactones [17], 2-aryl-1,1-dibromoethanes [18], nitriles [19], and amino amides [20] are used as starting materials for this synthesis.…”

“…Recently, several methods have been developed where azalactones [17], 2-aryl-1,1-dibromoethanes [18], nitriles [19], and amino amides [20] are used as starting materials for this synthesis. However, many of the synthesis protocols reported so far suffer from disadvantages such as the need for anhydrous conditions [14], use of organic solvents [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], severe reaction conditions [14], prolonged reaction time [16], use of metals, and expensive reagents [14]. Therefore the development of a cost-effective, safe, and environmentally friendly reagent system is desirable.…”