A millennium update on pediatric diarrheal illness in the developing world

O’Ryan, Miguel; Prado, Valeria; Pickering, Larry K.

doi:10.1053/j.spid.2005.12.008

Cited by 227 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 99 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

158

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Diarrhea is caused by rotavirus, adenovirus and or various bacterial species belonging to the Aeromonas, Cryptosporidium, Campylobacte, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli etc. , O'Ryan et al, 2005. In the developing countries like Pakistan, diarrhea is the third leading cause of death (Thapar & Sanderson, 2004).…”

Section: Diarrhea and Dysenterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Adnan¹,

Bibi²,

Azizullah³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Ethnomedicinal knowledge is highly significant for persistence of human health care. Different studies have shown that medicinal plants are considered as curing agent for digestive disorders in Pakistan. The aim of present review is to explore this ethnomedicinal information all over the Pakistan and to investigate the ecological status of these species in the country. Methodology: Online literatures on ethnomedicinal plants used to treat digestive complaints in Pakistan were searched and gathered using online bibliographic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Flora of Pakistan. Results: The review documented 178 medicinal plant species, belonging to 59 families, used for different digestive ailments. The majority of species were herbs (60%), used in drug preparation. The most frequent part used in preparation of these remedies is leaves (23%), followed by roots (19%). Conclusion:In conclusion, the study provides enormous ethno-medicinal knowledge and due to the unsustainable activities of the people of Pakistan, some medicinal plants need to be conserved for the future. Key words: Ethno-medicine, medicinal plants, gastrointestinal diseases, ecological status. IntroductionPlants are a vital source of traditional medicines that are used for the treatment of various ailments. Approximately 4, 22,000 flowering plants reported from the world, more than 50,000 have been used worldwide for medicinal purposes (Walter & Hamilton, 1993). Man has cultivated the habit of observing plants for thousands of years and had used them for different purposes (Bako et al., 2005). The local uses of medicinal plants are common particularly in those areas of developing countries, which have little or no access to modern health services (Sandhya et al., 2006). Mostly local people keeping the centuries-old trend alive, rely hugely on the wild plants for their daily needs such as food, fodder and medicines. Treatment through traditional medicine system is progressing all over the world particularly in the Indo-Pak sub-contentment where this system is known by Unani or Ayurvedic (Haq, 1993).Pakistan has a unique biodiversity that is stretched along nine major ecological zones. A major part of the country is quite rich in medicinal herbs due to its salubrious climate . Numerous medicinal plants are being used by local communities of different geographical regions of the country, having old traditional knowledge on such plants. Medicinal plants have been used as a source of curing various digestive disorders in the country. Digestive disorders generally occur due to the nature of food that we consume and it's incompatibility with our constitution or due to some viruses and bacteria like rotavirus, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli etc. Some of the most common digestive problems that people of Pakistan faces in their day to day life are stomach-aches, cramps, vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea and indigestion to the complicated conditions such as cancer and gastric...

show abstract

Section: Diarrhea and Dysenterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Adnan¹,

Bibi²,

Azizullah³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous studies have reported that the epidemiologic features and prevalence of DEC pathogens as causative agents of diarrhea are known to vary from one region of the world to another and even between and within countries in the same geographical area [9,[18][19][20][21][22]. Diarrheal episodes in many developing countries affecting children younger than five years of age have been attributed to DEC such as ETEC, EPEC, and EAEC, which are considered to be the most important enteric pathogens responsible for 30% to 40% of all diarrheal episodes [23,24]. In southwestern Nigeria, EHEC and EAEC were significantly associated with diarrhea [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Ifeanyi

Ikeneche

Bassey

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Escherichia coli are frequently isolated from diarrheic children in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria, but their virulent properties are not routinely evaluated. Therefore, the etiology of childhood diarrheal disease attributable to diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in Abuja, Nigeria remains unknown. Methodology: Stool specimens from 400 acute diarrheic children between 0 and 60 months of age were studied.E. coli strains isolated were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for nine virulence genes and HEp-2 cell adherence to detect and identify five distinct diarrheagenic E. coli categories. Results: Diarrheagenic E.coli was detected in 51 (12.8%) of the diarrheic children. The observed DEC pathotypes were enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) in 18 (4.5%) children, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) in 16 (4.0%), enteroaggrative E. coli (EAEC) in 8 (2.0%), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in 6 (1.5%), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in 3 (0.8%). Four (1.0 %) EPEC strains with only the eae+ gene that adhered diffusely to HEp-2 cell were identified as atypical EPEC. All the DEC categories except atypical EPEC were identified in children between 6 and 12 months of age. Conclusions: This study underscores the need for routine evaluation of diarrheic children for virulence properties of infectious DEC. Atypical EPEC are emerging among the DEC pathotypes isolated from childhood acute gastroenteritis in Abuja, Nigeria.

show abstract

“…Uma ampla variedade de enteropatógenos causa diarreia em crianças. A frequência de isolamento de um determinado agente enteropatogênico pode variar em países desenvolvidos ou em desenvolvimento de diferentes regiões geográficas, de acordo com a faixa etária, com a competência imunológica, com a presença ou não do aleitamento materno e também de forma sazonal 19,20 . Especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, em que as taxas de morbidade e de mortalidade são maiores, e onde se instala mais facilmente o ciclo vicioso diarreiadesnutrição, é muito importante conhecer a etiologia do processo diarreico.…”

Section: Aspectos Etiopatogênicosunclassified

Persistent diarrhea: still an important challenge for the pediatrician

Andrade¹,

Fagundes-Neto²

2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To provide recent guidelines to reduce the incidence of diarrheal diseases. We discuss the definition, clinical aspects, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prevention of persistent diarrhea.Sources: Electronic search of the MEDLINE database, Google search. Summary of the findings:Acute diarrhea may be caused by a variety of agents, including bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens. The top priority in treatment of diarrhea is replacement of fluid and electrolytes losses, particularly at the acute stage, and, under certain circumstances, eradication of the enteropathogenic agent. On the other hand, treatment of persistent diarrhea should focus on prevention and management of food intolerance and malnutrition.Conclusions: Promotion of breastfeeding, adequate interventions in the treatment of acute diarrheal episodes, introduction of safe dietary strategies for prevention of malnutrition, and improvements in sanitation and hygiene conditions, including sewage and clean water, are essential measures for the reduction of diarrheal morbidity and mortality rates in children under 5 years of age.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(3):199-205: Malnutrition, morbidity, mortality, diarrhea, food hypersensitivity, breastfeeding. ResumoObjetivo: Fornecer as diretrizes mais recentes de diminuição da incidência da doença diarreica, abordando os aspectos clínicos, a etiologia, a fisiopatologia, o diagnóstico, o manejo terapêutico e a profilaxia da diarreia persistente. Fontes dos dados:Busca eletrônica de dados recentes na base de dados MEDLINE, e também usando a ferramenta Google. Síntese dos dados:Existem vários possíveis agentes etiológicos envolvidos, incluindo vírus, bactérias e parasitas. O tratamento deve ser voltado para a dieta, além da reposição das perdas hidroeletrolíticas, especialmente durante a fase aguda da diarreia, para evitar seu prolongamento. Na grande maioria dos episódios, os antimicrobianos não estão indicados. Por outro lado, o tratamento da diarreia persistente deve ser reforçado no sentido de evitar as intolerâncias alimentares e a desnutrição. Conclusões:O estímulo ao aleitamento materno, a introdução de estratégias alimentares seguras no sentido de evitar a desnutrição proteico-calórica, a abordagem adequada do episódio agudo e a melhoria das condições sanitárias e de higiene são medidas a serem estimuladas com o objetivo de diminuir a morbimortalidade pela doença diarreica em crianças menores de 5 anos de idade ao redor do mundo.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011;87(3):199-205: Desnutrição, morbidade, mortalidade, diarreia, hipersensibilidade alimentar, aleitamento materno.

show abstract

A millennium update on pediatric diarrheal illness in the developing world

Cited by 227 publications

References 99 publications

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Ethnomedicinal plants used against common digestive problems

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from children with diarrhea in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria

Persistent diarrhea: still an important challenge for the pediatrician

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About