A millikelvin all-fiber cavity optomechanical apparatus for merging with ultra-cold atoms in a hybrid quantum system

Zhong, Hai; Fläschner, Gotthold; Schwarz, Alexander; Wiesendanger, R.; Christoph, Philipp; Wagner, Tobias; Bick, A.; Staarmann, Christina; Abeln, Benjamin; Sengstock, K.; Becker, Christoph

doi:10.1063/1.4976497

Cited by 21 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(60 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[11]. Current optical lattices with V 2000 ω R readily achieve a resonant coupling E, i.e., ω ζ Ω m , with √ N λ 3 ω R .…”

Section: Experimental Realizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, optical bistability [31,32], a roton-type softening in the atomic dispersion relation [26,[33][34][35] and optomechanical Bloch oscillations [36] were uncovered. Similar effects occur also for polarizable and thermal particles in a cavity at finite temperature [37][38][39].In this work, motivated by recent experiments [2, 10], we study a hybrid atom-optomechanical setup in the form of a "membrane-in-the-middle" cavity [1,2,[8][9][10][11]], see Fig. 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The nanomechanical motion of the membrane then couples non-resonantly to the collective motion of the atoms. The aim is twofold [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]: The gas can cool the nanomembrane, and, emergent phenomena of the correlated quantum many-body system are of interest [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].State-of-the-art optomechanics [3-6] is nowadays able to realize optical feedback cooling [18,19] of the mechanical oscillator to its quantum-mechanical ground state [20,21]. Yet, the resolved sideband limit allows ground-state cooling only if the oscillator frequency exceeds the photon loss rate in the cavity [22][23][24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, motivated by recent experiments [2,10], we study a hybrid atom-optomechanical setup in the form of a "membrane-in-the-middle" cavity [1,2,[8][9][10][11]], see Fig. 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nonequilibrium Quantum Phase Transition in a Hybrid Atom-Optomechanical System

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We consider a hybrid quantum many-body system formed by a vibrational mode of a nanomembrane, which interacts optomechanically with light in a cavity, and an ultracold atom gas in the optical lattice of the out-coupled light. The adiabatic elimination of the light field yields an effective Hamiltonian which reveals a competition between the force localizing the atoms and the membrane displacement. At a critical atom-membrane interaction, we find a nonequilibrium quantum phase transition from a localized symmetric state of the atom cloud to a shifted symmetry-broken state, the energy of the lowest collective excitation vanishes, and a strong atom-membrane entanglement arises. The effect occurs when the atoms and the membrane are non-resonantly coupled.Hybrid quantum systems combine complementary fields of physics, such as solid-state physics, quantum optics and atom physics, in one set-up. Recently, a hybrid atom-optomechanical system [1] has been realized experimentally [2] in which a single mechanical mode of a nanomembrane in an optical cavity is optically coupled to a far distant cloud of cold 87 Rb atoms residing in the optical potential of the out-coupled standing wave of the cavity light. When displaced, the membrane experiences the radiation pressure force of the cavity light, and in the bad-cavity limit, the field follows the membrane displacement adiabatically. This modulates the light phase which leads to a shaking of the atom gas in the lattice. The nanomechanical motion of the membrane then couples non-resonantly to the collective motion of the atoms. The aim is twofold [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]: The gas can cool the nanomembrane, and, emergent phenomena of the correlated quantum many-body system are of interest [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].State-of-the-art optomechanics [3-6] is nowadays able to realize optical feedback cooling [18,19] of the mechanical oscillator to its quantum-mechanical ground state [20,21]. Yet, the resolved sideband limit allows ground-state cooling only if the oscillator frequency exceeds the photon loss rate in the cavity [22][23][24]. Hence, cooling a macroscopic low-frequency nanomembrane close to its ground state is so far not possible. One promising alternative [1,7] is to utilize an ultracold atom gas, which has been demonstrated recently [2] by sympathetic cooling down to 650 mK. Current investigations aim to a coherent state transfer of robust quantum entanglement [15].Apart from cooling the nanomembrane, an interesting fundamental feature is the collective quantum-many body behavior of the hybrid system. For instance, the atom-atom interaction can in principle be coherently modulated by the back-action of the cavity light on the nanooscillator. By this, a long-range interaction emerges which resembles that of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) [25]. In fact, a simpler hybrid quantum many-body system has also been implemented in the form of a BEC in an optical lattice inside a transversely pumped optical cavity. A Dicke quantum phase transition between a n...

show abstract

“…[11]. Current optical lattices with V 2000 ω R readily achieve a resonant coupling E, i.e., ω ζ Ω m , with √ N λ 3 ω R .…”

Section: Experimental Realizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, motivated by recent experiments [2,10], we study a hybrid atom-optomechanical setup in the form of a "membrane-in-the-middle" cavity [1,2,[8][9][10][11]], see Fig. 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonequilibrium Quantum Phase Transition in a Hybrid Atom-Optomechanical System

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is a significant challenge, but one that has been overcome by some groups (e.g. [138]). Alternative proposals call for atoms, or atom-like emitters, to be embedded into the mechanical device itself (e.g.…”

Section: Chapter 2 Cavity Optomechanicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum optomechanics in the unresolved sideband regime

Bennett¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A cavity optomechanical system is formed when the resonance frequency of an optical cavity is dependent upon the position of a mechanical oscillator. This is achieved in a plethora of physical systems, spanning the range from cold atom clouds trapped in miniaturised optical cavities through to the kilogram-scale test masses of the four kilometre long advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitationalwave Observatory. The dynamical coupling between light and vibration thus engendered modifies both the optical and mechanical behaviours, and is responsible for a number of intriguing phenomena.Indeed, with optomechanical tools it becomes possible to observe the fact that macroscopic mechanical oscillators are governed by the laws of quantum mechanics, rather than familiar classical equations of motion. The preparation of mechanical oscillators in truly quantum states, such as squeezed states and two-mode entangled states, has already been experimentally demonstrated. It is predicted that further advances along these lines will permit sensitive tests of fundamental physics, in addition to delivering significant improvements to sensor and information processing technologies.The majority of optomechanical protocols developed to date operate in the so-called resolved sideband limit, where the cavity bandwidth is small compared to the mechanical resonance frequency.This ensures that the optical cavity may be employed as a frequency-selective element for performing coherent control, but it also limits the quantity of circulating optical power and prevents one from reaching the standard quantum limit for position and force detection.In this thesis we report research that has expanded the optomechanical toolbox in the unresolved sideband regime, where the linewidth of the cavity is larger than the mechanical resonance frequency. This is a natural operating regime for large-mass and/or low-frequency mechanical oscillators; microcavity devices with small mode volumes and large optomechanical coupling rates; high-bandwidth, high-quantum-efficiency position and force detection; optical pulse manipulation; and hybrid devices couple to low-frequency quantum ancillae, such as the motional degrees of freedom of cold atoms.We begin this thesis by providing introductory material which covers advances in optomechanics and related fields; useful theoretical tools and their physical meanings; and some insights into technical details. These materials are included in the hope that they might be useful to other researchers in the field.Our first contribution to optomechanics in the unresolved sideband regime is a theoretical study of a remotely-coupled hybrid atom-optomechanical system. This uses a cloud of cold atoms as a 'quantum handle' with which to control the state of a mechanical oscillator. The two systems are coupled via light, which significantly relaxes experimental requirements on integration of vacuum and cryogenic apparatus. We derive the conditions under which laser cooling of the atomic ensemble permits one to sympathetica...

show abstract

Ultrasensitive nano-optomechanical force sensor operated at dilution temperatures

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cooling down nanomechanical force probes is a generic strategy to enhance their sensitivities through the concomitant reduction of their thermal noise and mechanical damping rates. However, heat conduction becomes less efficient at low temperatures, which renders difficult to ensure and verify their proper thermalization. Here we implement optomechanical readout techniques operating in the photon counting regime to probe the dynamics of suspended silicon carbide nanowires in a dilution refrigerator. Readout of their vibrations is realized with sub-picowatt optical powers, in a situation where less than one photon is collected per oscillation period. We demonstrate their thermalization down to 32 ± 2 mK, reaching very large sensitivities for scanning probe force sensors, 40 zN Hz−1/2, with a sensitivity to lateral force field gradients in the fN m−1 range. This opens the road toward explorations of the mechanical and thermal conduction properties of nanoresonators at minimal excitation level, and to nanomechanical vectorial imaging of faint forces at dilution temperatures.

show abstract

A millikelvin all-fiber cavity optomechanical apparatus for merging with ultra-cold atoms in a hybrid quantum system

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Nonequilibrium Quantum Phase Transition in a Hybrid Atom-Optomechanical System

Nonequilibrium Quantum Phase Transition in a Hybrid Atom-Optomechanical System

Quantum optomechanics in the unresolved sideband regime

Ultrasensitive nano-optomechanical force sensor operated at dilution temperatures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About