A Mineral-Rich Extract from the Red Marine Algae Lithothamnion calcareum Preserves Bone Structure and Function in Female Mice on a Western-Style Diet

Aslam, Muhammad N.; Kreider, Jaclynn M.; Paruchuri, Tejaswi; Bhagavathula, Narasimharao; DaSilva, Marissa; Zernicke, Ronald F.; Goldstein, Steven A.; Varani, James

doi:10.1007/s00223-010-9340-9

Cited by 72 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that this mineral preparation reduced colon polyp formation in mice [21,22], and also inhibited liver tumor formation [23] when included in the diet over the lifespan of the animals. As an unanticipated finding in the pilot study [24], our data suggested that mineral supplementation might also preserve bone structure, at least in female mice. However, in the pilot study, only a small number of animals were included, only a single time-point (15 months) was examined and only effects on long bones were assessed.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Three-dimensional images of the femora in Ringer’s solution were obtained using a μ-CT system (eXplore Locus SP, GE Healthcare Pre-Clinical Imaging, London, Ontario, Canada) as previously described and validated [24,27]. Whole bone was scanned and both trabecular and cortical regions of interest (ROI) were reconstructed from the scans as described previously [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-bone mechanical properties were determined by loading the right femora to failure in 4-point bending, using a customized testing fixture attached to a servohydraulic materials testing machine (858 Mini Bionix II; MTS Systems, Eden Prairie, MN) [24,29]. Complete description of biomechanical testing is included in the Supplement under Methodology.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Aslam

Bergin

Jepsen

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Progressive bone mineral loss and increasing bone fragility are hallmarks of osteoporosis. A combination of minerals isolated from the red marine algae, Lithothamnion sp. was examined for ability to inhibit bone mineral loss in female mice maintained on either a standard rodent chow (control) diet or a high-fat western diet (HFWD) for 5-, 12- and 18-months. At each time-point, femora were subjected to μ-CT analysis and biomechanical testing. A subset of caudal vertebrae was also analyzed. Following this, individual elements were assessed in bones. Serum levels of the 5b isoform of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and procollagen type I propeptide (P1NP) were also measured. Trabecular bone loss occurred in both diets (evident as early as 5-months). Cortical bone increased through month-5 and then declined. Cortical bone loss was primarily in mice on the HFWD. Inclusion of the minerals in the diet reduced bone mineral loss in both diets and improved bone strength. Bone mineral density (BMD) was also enhanced by these minerals. Of several cationic minerals known to be important to bone health, only strontium was significantly increased in bone tissue from animals fed the mineral diets, but the increase was large (5–10 fold). Serum levels of TRAP were consistently higher in mice receiving the minerals but levels of P1NP were not. These data suggest that trace minerals derived from marine red algae may be used to prevent progressive bone mineral loss in conjunction with calcium. Mineral supplementation could find use as part of an osteoporosis - prevention strategy.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Aslam

Bergin

Jepsen

et al. 2013

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Mice (20 per group) were started at 4 weeks of age on a HFWD, prepared according to the formulation of Newmark et al [17] and used by us in prior studies [13,41–43]. The HFWD is a variant of a standard rodent chow diet, AIN76A, but contains 20% fat from corn oil as compared to 5% in AIN76A [13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Reduces Liver Injury in Mice on a High-Fat Diet: Alterations in Microbial and Bile Acid Profiles

et al. 2016

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A high-fat “Western-style” diet (HFWD) promotes obesity-related conditions including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the histologic manifestation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In addition to high saturated fat and processed carbohydrates, the typical HFWD is deficient in calcium. Calcium-deficiency is an independent risk factor for many conditions associated with the Western-style diet. However, calcium has not been widely evaluated in the context of NAFLD. The goal of the present study was to determine if dietary calcium supplementation could protect mice fed a HFWD from NAFLD, specifically by decreasing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its down-stream consequences. Male C57BL/6NCrl mice were maintained for 18-months on a HFWD containing dietary calcium at either 0.41 gm/kg feed (unsupplemented) or 5.25 gm/kg feed (supplemented). Although there was no difference in body weight or steatosis, calcium-supplemented mice were protected against downstream consequences of hepatic steatosis, manifested by lower inflammation, less fibrosis, and by lower overall histologic NAFLD activity scores (NAS). Calcium supplementation correlated with distinctly segregating gut fecal and cecal microbial communities as defined by 16S rRNA gene sequence. Further, calcium supplementation also correlated with decreased hepatic concentration of the major conjugated murine primary bile acid, tauro-β-muricholic acid (as well as a decrease in the parent unconjugated bile acid). Thus, calcium was protective against progression of diet-induced hepatic steatosis to NASH and end-stage liver disease, suggesting that calcium supplementation may effectively protect against adverse hepatic consequences of HFWD in cases where overall diet modification cannot be sustained. This protective effect occurred in concert with calcium-mediated gut microbial community shifts and alterations of the hepatic bile acid pool.

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“…15,16 Dietary supplementation with Aquamin has been shown to preserve bone structure and function in mice on a high-fat Western diet (HFWD). 17 Indeed the bone structure of mice on a HFWD with Aquamin supplementation was superior to that of mice on the standard low fat diet. Thus, indicating that Aquamin supplementation has positive effects on bone health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incorporation of the natural marine multi-mineral dietary supplement Aquamin enhances osteogenesis and improves the mechanical properties of a collagen-based bone graft substitute

Brennan

Stenson

Widaa

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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A Mineral-Rich Extract from the Red Marine Algae Lithothamnion calcareum Preserves Bone Structure and Function in Female Mice on a Western-Style Diet

Cited by 72 publications

References 48 publications

Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Preservation of Bone Structure and Function by Lithothamnion sp. Derived Minerals

Calcium Reduces Liver Injury in Mice on a High-Fat Diet: Alterations in Microbial and Bile Acid Profiles

Incorporation of the natural marine multi-mineral dietary supplement Aquamin enhances osteogenesis and improves the mechanical properties of a collagen-based bone graft substitute

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