A Mini Review on the Various Facets Effecting Brain Delivery of Magnesium and Its Role in Neurological Disorders

Mathew, Aparna Ann; Panonnummal, Rajitha

doi:10.1007/s12011-022-03517-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Despite the extensive body of work corroborating the pivotal role of metal ion homeostasis in orchestrating oxidative stress within the intricate milieu of the brain, a multitude of other metal ions, including but not limited to zinc, aluminum, and magnesium, remain enigmatic in their potential to modulate OS in AD. Hence, there is an imminent need for in-depth investigations to unravel the intricate interplay of these metal ions in the context of OS within the AD landscape [109][110][111][112].…”

Section: Metal Ions and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Significance of Metal Ions in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Forging Pathways Towards Prospective Therapeutic Strategies

JunYi,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition, is characterized by its progressive cognitive decline, which includes memory impairment, language alterations, visuospatial challenges, and compromised executive functions. The primary pathological features of AD involve the formation of extracellular senile plaques primarily composed of β-amyloid (Aβ) and the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, leading to the creation of neurofibrillary tangles. With an aging global population and a lack of effective AD treatments, there is an urgent need for comprehensive AD research. Metallic elements like iron, zinc, copper, and manganese play essential roles in human development, metabolic pathways, and brain maturation. Accumulating evidence suggests that these metal ions significantly influence the development of AD, contributing to processes such as Aβ deposition, oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory responses, and disruptions in autophagy and apoptosis, among other cascading effects. Therefore, a thorough investigation into the relationship between metals and AD is crucial, not only to identify new pre-pathogenic interventions targeting metal ions but also to support the development of tailored AD treatments. This manuscript extensively explores the connection between metallic elements, specifically copper, iron, zinc, and manganese, in physiological processes and their intricate relationship with AD. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the regulation of the metal ion signaling network throughout the AD continuum to offer new perspectives and potential approaches for developing innovative metal ion modulators to combat AD. This research holds promise for addressing the global challenge of AD.

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Section: Metal Ions and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Significance of Metal Ions in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Forging Pathways Towards Prospective Therapeutic Strategies

JunYi,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Mg ions are known to have a neuroprotective effect by serving as an antagonist to the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid glutamate receptor and calcium ions. The release of glutamate and calcium after axonal injury can cause apoptosis in neighboring cells, and Mg has been shown to prevent this [13]. Mg has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects [13], and all these effects are beneficial to nerve repair [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of glutamate and calcium after axonal injury can cause apoptosis in neighboring cells, and Mg has been shown to prevent this [13]. Mg has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects [13], and all these effects are beneficial to nerve repair [11]. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that Mg improves nerve regeneration through reduced inflammation [14], enhanced remyelination and growth factor expression [15][16][17], improved neurite outgrowth [16][17][18][19], axon number [20], and improved functional recovery [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Magnesium Degradation on Schwannoma Cell Responses to Nerve Injury Using an In Vitro Injury Model

Bhat,

Hanke,

Helmholz

et al. 2024

JFB

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Nerve guidance conduits for peripheral nerve injuries can be improved using bioactive materials such as magnesium (Mg) and its alloys, which could provide both structural and trophic support. Therefore, we investigated whether exposure to Mg and Mg-1.6wt%Li thin films (Mg/Mg‑1.6Li) would alter acute Schwann cell responses to injury. Using the RT4-D6P2T Schwannoma cell line (SCs), we tested extracts from freeze-killed cells (FKC) and nerves (FKN) as in vitro injury stimulants. Both FKC and FKN induced SC release of the macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), a marker of the repair SC phenotype after injury. Next, FKC-stimulated cells exposed to Mg/Mg‑1.6Li reduced MCP-1 release by 30%, suggesting that these materials could have anti-inflammatory effects. Exposing FKC-treated cells to Mg/Mg‑1.6Li reduced the gene expression of the nerve growth factor (NGF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and myelin protein zero (MPZ), but not the p75 neurotrophin receptor. In the absence of FKC, Mg/Mg‑1.6Li treatment increased the expression of NGF, p75, and MPZ, which can be beneficial to nerve regeneration. Thus, the presence of Mg can differentially alter SCs, depending on the microenvironment. These results demonstrate the applicability of this in vitro nerve injury model, and that Mg has wide-ranging effects on the repair SC phenotype.

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Magnesium and Traumatic Brain Injury

El Khiat,

El Foutat,

El-Mansoury

et al. 2024

Nutritional Neurosciences

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A Mini Review on the Various Facets Effecting Brain Delivery of Magnesium and Its Role in Neurological Disorders

Cited by 6 publications

References 110 publications

Deciphering the Significance of Metal Ions in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Forging Pathways Towards Prospective Therapeutic Strategies

Deciphering the Significance of Metal Ions in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Forging Pathways Towards Prospective Therapeutic Strategies

Influence of Magnesium Degradation on Schwannoma Cell Responses to Nerve Injury Using an In Vitro Injury Model

Magnesium and Traumatic Brain Injury

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