A Miniature Dual-Biomarker-Based Sensing and Conditioning Device for Closed-Loop DBS

Abstract

In this paper, a dual-biomarker-based neural sensing and conditioning device is proposed for closing the feedback loop in deep brain stimulation devices. The device explores both local field potentials (LFPs) and action potentials (APs) as measured biomarkers. It includes two channels, each having four main parts: (1) a pre-amplifier with built-in low-pass filter, (2) a ground shifting circuit, (3) an amplifier with low-pass function, and (4) a high-pass filter. The design specifications include miniature-size, light-weight, and 100 dB gain in the LFP and AP channels. This device has been validated through bench and in-vitro tests. The bench tests have been performed using different sinusoidal signals and pre-recorded neural signals. The in-vitro tests have been conducted in the saline solution that mimics the brain environment. The total weight of the device including a 3 V coin battery, and battery holder is 1.2 g. The diameter of the device is 11.2 mm. The device can be used to concurrently sense LFPs and APs for closing the feedback loop in closed-loop deep brain stimulation systems. It provides a tetherless head-mountable platform suitable for pre-clinical trials.

Adaptive Parameter Modulation of Deep Brain Stimulation Based on Improved Supervisory Algorithm

“…If medication reduction is not a major concern, GPi-DBS has the advantage of direct dyskinesia suppression. LFP signals from the GPi, which can be directly obtained through DBS leads in clinical application ( Stanslaski et al, 2012 ; Arlotti et al, 2016b ; Parastarfeizabadi and Kouzani, 2019 ) and carry abundant potential information from synchronous neural activity were extracted and processed as the feedback signal for closing the loop ( Little and Brown, 2012 ; Priori et al, 2012 ; Hebb et al, 2014 ; Arlotti et al, 2016a ; Sinclair et al, 2018 ). The design of the closed-loop control system followed a traditional strategy.…”

Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease: Assessing Efficacy

“…6 This problem can be overcome by using a device with multiple feedback signals. 51 Both cDBS and CL-DBS continues to face many challenges for successful integration into the treatment paradigm of PD (Figure 1). 6 Additionally these are bulkier devices than cDBS.…”

Phase-Dependent Deep Brain Stimulation: A Review

“…The action potential or high frequency neural spike is the fundamental method of communication between neurons, and hence is considered an important signal for understanding the underlying neurological conditions. Action potential is measured invasively using microelectrodes followed by high pass filtering of the signal [29], whereas, local field potential reflects the combined electrical activity of a group of adjacent neurons and is measured from the invasively recorded extracellular electrophysiological activity by low pass filtering around 200 Hz [30]. Analyzing LFP is like interpreting rhythmic brain action from electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.…”