A mitochondrion-targeted BODIPY-Ir(iii) conjugate as a photoinduced ROS generator for the oxidative destruction of triple-negative breast cancer cells

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides an alternative option to root out localized Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and has been experiencing a surge of research interest over recent years. In this study,...

Exploring Structure–Activity Relationships in Photodynamic Therapy Anticancer Agents Based on Ir(III)-COUPY Conjugates

“…9.9 ± 0.5 0.31 ± 0.02 [32] 12 ± 1 0.2 ± 0.01 [60] 26 ± 4 1.1 ± 0.8 [24] 5.1 ± 0.9 0.09 ± 0.01 [57] 15…”

“…By taking advantage of the well-established anticancer properties of transition metal complexes and of the rich and tunable photophysical and physicochemical properties of small organic chromophores, their conjugation can be exploited for developing theranostic agents for imaging-guided PDT. Examples of this strategy include the conjugation and/or integration of cyclometalated Ir­(III) complexes with organic fluorophores such as boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) − porphyrin, xanthene, and rhodamine derivatives . Coumarins, which are also well-known anticancer scaffolds − and the basis for the development of novel organic fluorophores, have also been covalently attached to Ir­(III) complexes and used as cyclometalating ligands. − In this context, we have been pioneers in describing a novel class of PDT agents based on the conjugation of a far red-emitting COUPY coumarin to a cyclometalated Ir­(III) complex (compounds 1a and 2a , respectively, in Figure ).…”

A near-infrared light-activatable Ru(ii)-coumarin photosensitizer active under hypoxic conditions

“…[53][54][55][56] In this sense, conjugation of suitable organic chromophores to metal complexes have been recently exploited as a promising strategy to extend the absorption and emission of the resulting PS into the phototherapeutic window (600-900 nm). 50 Cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes have been conjugated to boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), [57][58][59][60] porphyrin, 61 xanthene, 62 and rhodamine uorophores 63 for this purpose. In addition, some derivatives of the well-established anticancer coumarin scaffold have also been attached to Ir(III) complexes to improve PDT efficacy.…”

Symmetry dual functional pyrimidine-BODIPY probes for imaging targeting and activity study

“…Optical imaging technology ( Zhang et al, 2015 ; Zhou et al, 2016 ; Du et al, 2019 ) based on fluorescent probe is considered as a potential technology for tumor diagnosis by the academic circles because of its advantages of non-invasive and sensitivity ( Guo et al, 2018 ; Karan et al, 2021 ; Barth et al, 2022 ). Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dye ( Labra-Vazquez et al, 2020 ; Xiao et al, 2020 ; Qiao et al, 2021 ; Vales et al, 2021 ; Wen et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ) has many advantages, such as good light stability ( Kyeong et al, 2018 ; Haldar et al, 2020 ), large molar extinction coefficient ( Che et al, 2020 ; Pfeifer et al, 2020 ), stable spectral properties ( Zlatic et al, 2020 ), and narrow spectral half-peak ( Zhu et al, 2019 ; Song et al, 2020 ). Since it came out, it has attracted the attention of scholars from various circles.…”