A Mobile Measuring Methodology to Determine Near Surface Carbon Dioxide within Urban Areas

Does the global warming modify the local Rwandan climate?

“…This result was then subjected to hypothesis testing using a "student's" t-test. This answered the question of whether there were significant differences between the individual measurement stations or whether we were dealing with null hypotheses in the case of the calculated clusters, as if mapped in this form by simple chance [8,9]. It showed, that the weather stations, not being grouped in clusters of specific weather stations, with α < 0.05 (Si = 95%) also were not correlated, confirming the results of the cluster analysis.…”

“…Data was compared using single-linkage cluster analysis. This involves comparing paired values and aggregating each most similar pair in a cluster (nearest neighbor technique; [8,9]). The first result to be drawn from this analysis was that the climate measurement series of the ultimately remaining stations fit very well into differentiated groups corresponding to relevant regional climate zones.…”

When Air Quality Becomes Deleterious—A Case Study for Kigali, Rwanda

“…The air sampling was done on the righthand side of the mobile laboratory to reduce the influence of passing motor vehicles. In addition to the air quality indicators the meteorological values air temperature and air humidity were measured in the front of the mobile lab at 2 m a.g.l., also barometric pressure, solar radiation and UV radiation on the rooftop of the vehicle [10].…”

“…This subsequent temporal correction of the measured values for PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 1 , CO 2 , CO but also for the meteorological parameters enabled most accurate and representative results of the air quality and meteorology along the transect. In addition to the measured values also GPS coordinates (measurement frequency of 1 Hz) allowed to relate every recorded value of the air quality indicators to its GPS-point along the measuring route [10]. The mobile measurements were done at three different times of the day (9 a.m. [4,10].…”

“…In addition to the measured values also GPS coordinates (measurement frequency of 1 Hz) allowed to relate every recorded value of the air quality indicators to its GPS-point along the measuring route [10]. The mobile measurements were done at three different times of the day (9 a.m. [4,10].…”