A Model for Multiple Hydraulic Fracture Propagation with Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Effects

Sun, Tianwei; Zeng, Qingdong; Xing, Huilin

doi:10.3390/en14040894

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Using Xsite software, a fracture propagation model based on the lattice method and studied the effects of stress anisotropy, cluster spacing, and natural fractures on the propagation of multi-cluster hydraulic fractures [20,21]. Based on a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model, multiple fractures geometries were investigated considering fracture spacing, perforation parameter, and thermal stress [22].…”

Section: Of 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Initiation and Propagation of Multi-Cluster Hydraulic Fractures within One Stage in Horizontal Wells

Wang

Yang

et al. 2021

Energies

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Competitive propagation of fractures initiated from multiple perforation clusters is universal in hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs, which largely influences stimulation. However, the propagation mechanism of multi-fractures has not been fully revealed for the lack of a targeted laboratory observation. In this study, a physical simulation experiment system was developed for investigating the initiation and propagation of multi-cluster hydraulic fractures. Different from the traditional hydro-fracking test system, the new one was equipped with a multi-channel shunting module and a strain monitoring system, which could guarantee the full fracture extension at each perforation clusters and measure the internal deformation of specimens, respectively. Several groups of true tri-axial fracturing tests were performed, considering the factors of in situ stress, cluster spacing, pumping rate, and bedding structures. The results showed that initiation of multi-cluster hydraulic fractures within one stage could be simultaneous or successive according to the difference of the breakdown pressure and fracturing fluid injection. For simultaneous initiation, the breakdown pressure of the subsequent fracture was lower than or equal to the value of the previous fracture. Multiple fractures tended to attract and merge. For successive initiation, the breakdown pressures of fractures were gradually increasing. The subsequent fracture tended to intersect with or deviated from the previous fracture. Multiple fractures interaction was aggravated by the decrease of horizontal stress difference, bedding number and cluster spacing, and weakened by the increase of pump rate. The propagation area of multiple fractures increased with the pump rate, decreased with the cluster spacing. The strain response characteristics corresponded with the initiation and propagation of fracture, which was conducive to understanding the process of the fracturing. The test results provide a basis for optimum design of hydraulic fracturing.

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Section: Of 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Initiation and Propagation of Multi-Cluster Hydraulic Fractures within One Stage in Horizontal Wells

Wang

Yang

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…Maximizing the complexity of fracture morphology is conducive to producing more oil and gas, and this is conducted during the process of fracture propagation. The effect of cluster spacings on multiple fracture propagation was extensively analyzed through numerical methods, and it was proved that certain nonuniform cluster spacings promote the even development of fractures [35][36][37]. The limited entry technique has been widely used in multi-cluster fracturing, which increases perforation friction pressure to promote uniform hydraulic fracture growth through limiting the number and diameter of perforations on the wellbore [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Non-Uniform Perforation Parameters for Multi-Cluster Fracturing

2022

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Stress shadowing affects the simultaneous propagation of fractures from multiple perforation clusters. Employing uniform perforation parameters for all clusters cause the unbalanced growth of fractures, which arouses the demand of optimizing non-uniform perforation parameters. An optimization workflow combining a fracture propagation model and the particle swarm optimization method (PSO) is proposed for multi-cluster fracturing in this study. The fracture model considers the coupling of rock deformation and fluid flow along the wellbore and fractures, and it is solved by using the Newton iteration method. The optimization is performed by taking the variance of multiple fracture lengths as fitness value function in the frame of the PSO method. Numerical results show that using the same spacings and perforation parameters for all clusters is detrimental to the balanced growth of multiple fractures. The variance of fracture lengths drops greatly through optimization of cluster spacings and perforation number/diameter. Properly increasing the spacing and perforation number/diameter for the middle clusters promotes the balanced growth of multiple fractures. This study provides an efficient optimization workflow for multi-cluster fracturing treatment in horizontal wells.

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Multiple Hydraulic Fractures Growth from a Highly Deviated Well

Zhou¹,

Yang²

2022

Mechanics of Hydraulic Fracturing

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A Model for Multiple Hydraulic Fracture Propagation with Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Effects

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Experimental Study on the Initiation and Propagation of Multi-Cluster Hydraulic Fractures within One Stage in Horizontal Wells

Experimental Study on the Initiation and Propagation of Multi-Cluster Hydraulic Fractures within One Stage in Horizontal Wells

Optimization of Non-Uniform Perforation Parameters for Multi-Cluster Fracturing

Multiple Hydraulic Fractures Growth from a Highly Deviated Well

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