2006
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.19
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A Model for Natural Immunity to Asexual Blood Stages of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Endemic Areas

Abstract: Abstract. Most mathematical models for acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum consider effects of immunity on duration of infection and infectiousness, but do not consider the most evident effect of immunity, which is to reduce parasite densities. Few attempts have been made to fit such models to field data. We propose a stochastic simulation model to predict the distributions of P. falciparum parasite densities in endemic areas, in which acquired immunity acts by reducing parasite densities. We have fitte… Show more

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Cited by 97 publications
(170 citation statements)
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“…The course of parasite densities over an infection in a non-immune individual is described using historical data from patients deliberately infected with P. falciparum as treatment for neurosyphilis. Immunity to asexual parasites is derived from a combination of cumulative exposure to both inoculations and parasite densities, and maternal immunity 26 , and acts to reduce the densities. The model was fitted to aggregated data from several data sets but not to longitudinal patterns of densities within individuals 26 .…”
Section: Openmalariamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The course of parasite densities over an infection in a non-immune individual is described using historical data from patients deliberately infected with P. falciparum as treatment for neurosyphilis. Immunity to asexual parasites is derived from a combination of cumulative exposure to both inoculations and parasite densities, and maternal immunity 26 , and acts to reduce the densities. The model was fitted to aggregated data from several data sets but not to longitudinal patterns of densities within individuals 26 .…”
Section: Openmalariamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Simulated patterns of ageprevalence and age-incidence for the reference scenario (Figure 2) are similar to those for typical meso-endemic settings in Africa to which the models were fitted. 9,12,13 The direct cost per capita is stable over time. The predicted infectiousness of the host population, u (t), fluctuates seasonally around a value of approximately 3% (Figure 3a).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…A delayed peak in the ageprevalence curve that we attribute to this effect was already apparent in the dataset from Navrongo, Ghana 45 which was from a more recent period than the other studies. 9 The effect of treatment on reducing acquired blood-stage immunity is very uncertain because asexual blood stage immunity is modeled as a function of both the number of distinct infections and of the cumulative parasite load, and we do not know what should be the relative contributions of these two different components of acquired immunity. The effects of cumulative parasite load are intended to simulate acquisition of immunity to antigenic variants that arise during the course of the infection.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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