A model for nitric oxide emission from aircraft gas turbine engines

Fletcher, Ronald S.; Heywood, John B.

doi:10.2514/6.1971-123

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Consequently, a partially-stirred reactor (PaSR) model was developed in such a way that variations in gas composition, temperature and residence time, which influence directly the rates of pollutant formation, in particular NOx formation, are described statistically; however, only gross flow features at the reactor exit are predicted. Following 10,16 , in the PaSR model it is assumed that mixing is complete to a scale which is small compared with the combustor dimensions, but not on a molecular scale. Hence, within the zone there exists a number of well stirred eddies or fluid elements which have different residence times.…”

Section: Partially-stirred Reactor (Pasr) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stirred Reactor Approach for Cryoplane Engines’ NOX Prediction

Prakash

2013

49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference

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Last century has seen very drastic development which has revolutionised the field of aerospace industry. The Aviation industry has transformed the way of travel across globe. Unfortunately, this immense techno-economic revolution has brought with it various environmental disadvantages; noise nuisance and various forms of environmentally damaging gaseous emissions. This paper elaborates on reduction of toxic emissions in jet engines if Hydrogen is used as a fuel. As the conventional fuel will not last for long, hydrogen is the future fuel for the transport. There are many challenges to use hydrogen as an aviation fuel; this paper has briefly outlined them. The main focus of this paper is to show how much emission a conventional combustor will produce if kerosene is replaced with hydrogen. The paper has used Cranfield University's in house performance software "TURBOMATCH" and stirred reactor approach has been taken to estimate the emission using the other in house software "HEPHAESTUS".

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Section: Partially-stirred Reactor (Pasr) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stirred Reactor Approach for Cryoplane Engines’ NOX Prediction

Prakash

2013

49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference

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“…The first of these zones is a recirculation zone, modelled as a macromixed partially stirred reactor, following Fletcher and Heywood (1971). In this zone exist discrete fluid readily be seen from Figure 1 that equilibrium levels of carbon monoxide, indicated by a low value of Z, will be approached quite rapidly at most values of equivalence ratio at full power conditions.…”

Section: Basic Flame Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Model for Carbon Monoxide Oxidation in Gas Turbine Combustors†

Sheppard

1975

Combustion Science and Technology

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~~imple model for carbon monoxide in gas turbines is deyeloped. F~)t typical engine idling and full p~,,:er conditions the m~del.examlfies the effect of the parameters equivalence ratio, residence time and degree of mlxlfig on both the equilibrium carbon monoxide concentration and the approach to this level within the various regions of the combustor. The model is largely intended to be interpretive rather than predictive, but the curves presented en~ble one to q~alitatively follow re~o~te~.trends in carbon~onoxide .emission levels with the above parameters. Finally suggesnons are made for mlfilm,zlfigcarbon monoxide enussions at the idling condition.

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“…As discussed in Barnes and Mellor (1997), if the main fuel and air mixture is not homogeneous, then a distribution of equivalence ratios exists in the LP flame. Following Mik-us and Heywood (1971) and Fletcher and Heywood (1971), it is assumed that this equivalence 'The data were collected from a gas-fired, can-type, LP gas turbine combustor, Combustor A, at constant inlet temperature and pressure. See Barnes et al (1996) (1) when s approaches zero.…”

Section: = Constant I (2) Tonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Unmixedness in Lean Premixed Combustors Operating at High Pressure, Fired Conditions

Barnes

Mellor

1997

Volume 2: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Lean premixed combustor manufacturers require premixer concepts that provide homogeneity (mixechtess) of the fuel which burns in the main flame. Ideally prernixer evaluation would be conducted under realistic combustor operating conditions. However, current techniques typically are limited to cold-flow, low pressure (<14 atm) conditions or comparison of measured NOx emissions with others obtained in premixed systems. Thus, a simple, consistent method for quantifying unmixedness in lean premixed combustors operating at high pressure, fired operating conditions is proposed here, using the characteristic time model developed in the companion paper.

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A model for nitric oxide emission from aircraft gas turbine engines

Cited by 36 publications

References 6 publications

Stirred Reactor Approach for Cryoplane Engines’ NOX Prediction

Stirred Reactor Approach for Cryoplane Engines’ NOX Prediction

A Simple Model for Carbon Monoxide Oxidation in Gas Turbine Combustors†

Quantifying Unmixedness in Lean Premixed Combustors Operating at High Pressure, Fired Conditions

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