A Model for the Mechanics of Jointed Rock

Goodman, Richard E.; Taylor, Robert L.; Brekke, Tor L.

doi:10.1061/jsfeaq.0001133

Cited by 1,211 publications

(182 citation statements)

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“…Although rock discontinuities had previously been introduced (as specialized elements) into the finite element method [23], the DEM is different because it characterizes a joint as a nonlinear boundary condition, rather than an element, and it allows arbitrary displacement and rotation of rock blocks and unlimited freedom for any purpose to interact with any other object. Any viable DEM code requires an underlying process that continuously identifies pairs of neighboring blocks and the specific entities (corners, edges, and faces) that may interact between each pair.…”

Section: General Flowchart Of Modelling Of Upc Usingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowchart of DEM Modeling Stability Analysis of Large Underground Powerhouse Caverns

Wang

Fan

Khadka

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The power of the Distinct Element Method (DEM) in solving the stability of underground powerhouse caverns (UPC) is discovered, but when does the DEM need to be adopted? What problems can be solved? The flowchart is provided and applied to analyze the stability of UPC in this paper. With the guide of the flowchart, the damage index (Di) is used as a failure type (gravity-controlled or stress-induced) judgment indicator. Through the calculation of three typical engineering, the problems of random blocks stability, dynamic calculation, and support system evaluation are studied, respectively, with the help of the DEM code 3DEC. The method and results of this paper can give reference to engineering projects of its category.

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Section: General Flowchart Of Modelling Of Upc Usingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowchart of DEM Modeling Stability Analysis of Large Underground Powerhouse Caverns

Wang

Fan

Khadka

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…11 The contact zone between a pile and soil can be simulated with interface elements. 12 The zero-thickness Goodman element 13 and the Desai thin-layer element 14 are the most commonly used elements. The interface between a pile and soil is not a simple two-dimensional (2D) curved face with zero thickness but a contact zone with nonzero thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic behavior of soil–pile–structure interaction with a modified Desai thin-layer interface element

Miao

Yao

Luo

et al. 2016

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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The Desai thin-layer interface element is widely utilized in the simulation of interaction between piles and soil under seismic load. Conventional seismic analysis using the interface element cannot simulate the process of energy dissipation because tangential damping is disregarded. In this study, Rayleigh damping is added to the interface element to simulate energy dissipation in a strong nonlinear contact behavior. A user-defined element program based on a modified Desai interface element is developed. A hyperbolic model is adopted to simulate normal and tangential interaction behaviors. Certain behavior pattern rules of the modified Desai element, such as bonding, slipping, gapping, and reclosing, are defined. A three-dimensional pile-soil-structure model with a modified Desai interface element is established to investigate the effect of contact patterns on the inner force responses of a superstructure and pile foundation to an earthquake. Numerical results show that the contact patterns significantly influence the shear force, bending moment, and torque of the superstructure, while axial force is unaffected. With regard to the pile foundation, shear force and bending moment are also significantly influenced.

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“…In this study, the elastic component is defined to characterize the local elastic response associated with mechanical interlocking between surface structures, 1 which are not explicitly modeled at a larger scale. Local response has previously been used to argue the need for elastic moduli associated with interface models, and elastic deformation of the contact zone has been experimentally measured for some applications (see e.g., [2]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical interlocking produces a complicated interface traction distribution due to the resulting contact conditions. The radial component of the traction tends to produce significant hoop stress in the adjacent concrete and can fail the concrete in longitudinal cracking 2 (see e.g., [11]). The increased radial compliance of the FRP bars affects the mechanical interlocking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial Elastic Modulus for the Interface between FRP Reinforcing Bars and Concrete

Cox

2002

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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The surface structure of reinforcing elements within a matrix can produce a complex mechanical interaction including mechanical interlocking along the interface. This interaction can be modeled using an interface idealization at a scale in which the details of the surface structure are omitted and the actual interface traction is homogenized over a length characteristic of the surface structure. For some applications such as the reinforcement of concrete with FRP bars, the reinforcing element can be idealized as being a circular cylinder, and the radial elastic interaction can affect the overall behavior, e.g., the ''bond response'' and failure mode of the composite system. The definition of the radial elastic modulus for the interface of the ''homogenized model'' requires static equivalence of the actual and homogenized tractions and equal amounts of strain energy in the domains. A unit cell approach is taken idealizing the traction distribution as periodic, and an analytical solution for the strain energy in the reinforcing element is presented. The analytical expression for the elastic modulus reflects its dependence upon the traction distribution, material properties, and bar geometry. To study the effects of these parameters, three bond specimens of an FRP bar in a concrete matrix are examined. As the actual traction distribution becomes more concentrated, the interface of the homogenized model becomes more compliant. With respect to material properties, the radial elastic modulus is usually most sensitive to changes in the transverse Young's modulus of the FRP bar; for lightweight concrete the modulus is equally sensitive to changes in Young's modulus of the concrete. The elastic moduli are applied to accurately reproduce the effects of a non-uniform traction distribution even when the concrete is split longitudinally and snap-back behavior occurs in the radial response. The traction distribution and compliance of the FRP bar have a Downloaded from significant effect on the snap-back behavior which indicates the potential for a very sudden failure due to concrete cracking.

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A Model for the Mechanics of Jointed Rock

Cited by 1,211 publications

References 0 publications

Flowchart of DEM Modeling Stability Analysis of Large Underground Powerhouse Caverns

Flowchart of DEM Modeling Stability Analysis of Large Underground Powerhouse Caverns

Seismic behavior of soil–pile–structure interaction with a modified Desai thin-layer interface element

Radial Elastic Modulus for the Interface between FRP Reinforcing Bars and Concrete

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