A model for the oxidation of Mg(0001) based upon LEED, AES, ELS and work function measurements

Namba, Hidetoshi; Darville, J.; Gilles, J.-M.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(81)90560-4

Cited by 93 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The following principal Mg(LVV) peaks were detected: 44 eV (elemental Mg) and 33 eV (MgO on the oxidized Mg surface). These results are close to those given in the literature [7][8][9]. For Li(KVV) we found 51 eV (pure Li) and 40 eV (oxidized surface) are the strongest Li(KVV) signals.…”

Section: Effects Of Signal Processing and Preparation Of Standardssupporting

confidence: 94%

Application of chemometric methods in Auger electron microanalysis of composites

Baunack

Kúdela

John

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Principal component analysis and cluster analysis have been used in AES investigations of fibre-matrix interactions in alumina fibre reinforced MgLi-alloys prepared by high-pressure infiltration. The samples have been fractured in ultra high vacuum to expose surfaces and interfaces without contamination. All main components exhibit Auger valence band transitions which change their shape with the chemical state. Chemometric methods have been utilized to identify characteristic peak shapes and to classify the investigated areas by composition. Fibre fracture surfaces are characterized by Al, magnesia and Li oxide formed by a redox reaction of alumina with Mg and Li penetrating along grain boundaries. For samples with high silica content a thin interfacial oxide layer on matrix grain boundaries and matrix-fibre interfaces has been found.

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Section: Effects Of Signal Processing and Preparation Of Standardssupporting

confidence: 94%

Application of chemometric methods in Auger electron microanalysis of composites

Baunack

Kúdela

John

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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“…Mechanical (1 J..tm grain) polishing was followed by electropolishing according to procedures known from the literature [17], [18], [19]. Several cycles of argon ion bombardment (500 eV, 15 min) and subsequent heating (500 K, 2 h) led to an almost clean surface with faint impurities of carbon and oxygen as displayed in Fig.…”

Section: Data For O/mg (0001)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forward focusing of Auger and Kikuchi electrons for surface structure determination: Ni(100) and oxidized Mg(0001)

et al. 1989

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Angular profiles of "Kikuchi" and Auger electrons were measured and interpreted for a clean Ni(100) surface and a slightly oxidized Mg(OOOI) surface. Theoretical analysis of the data using forward focusing of the medium-energy electrons (500-1500 e V) shows that both Kikuchi and Auger electrons can be well represented as s-waves emitted from atomic sites. The Auger electron data are used to analyze the structure of slightly oxidized Mg(OOOI), yielding oxygen atom positions in the octahedral interstitial sites in the first two interlayer spacings of the metal.

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“…[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, what is lacking is a detailed nano/micro structural level picture of the film nature and alloy/film interface regions, particularly with regards to segregation of alloying additions and film evolution with time. There have been relatively few studies of Mg alloy corrosion utilizing cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis to better elucidate the nature of the films formed, the work of Nordlien et al in the 1990's the primary exception.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Aqueous Film Formation and Evolution on Magnesium Alloys

Unocic

Elsentriecy

Brady

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

127

126

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The films formed on ultrahigh purity Mg, Elektron 717 (ZE10A), and AZ31B in water at room temperature were characterized by TEM, XPS, and SIMS. The films consisted primarily of MgO, with surface regions also containing Mg(OH) 2 and MgCO 3 . SIMS suggested H throughout the films and into the underlying metal. Segregation of Zn to the metal/film interface and Al in the film was observed for AZ31B. Similar Zn film segregation was also detected for Elektron 717, along with Nd at the alloy/film interface and nano-size Zn 2 Zr 3 precipitates throughout the film. Implications of these findings on film growth are discussed. Magnesium and its alloys are lightweight structural materials of great interest for reduced vehicle weight and improved fuel efficiency in the automotive industry due to their good strength, low density, amenability to casting, and ease of recycling.1-3 A major drawback, however, is the poor corrosion resistance of Mg under many conditions. 4 Magnesium is considered the most reactive structural material and is susceptible to multiple forms of corrosion; including general dissolution, galvanic coupling, localized corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. 2,3,5,6 Surface treatments/coatings are needed for many applications which result in increased cost and can be a source of component durability issues. 1The inability of Mg alloys to establish a continuous and fully protective surface film under many exposure conditions is a key factor underlying their susceptibility to corrosive attack. Films formed on Mg alloys under humid air or aqueous corrosion conditions are typically based on mixtures of MgO and Mg(OH) 2 .4,7-12 Although MgO can offer a degree of protection under ambient dry atmospheric corrosion conditions, it can be readily hydrated in the presence of water or water vapor to form Mg(OH) 2 , which offers limited stability and reduced protectiveness. 4 Further, considerations based on Pilling-Bedworth (P-B) ratio have also been invoked for explaining the inability of Mg to establish a fully protective oxide film. 13 Magnesium has a P-B ratio of ∼0.8, which places surface MgO in tension, and can result in a porous, cracked, nonprotective oxide layer. (Typically a P-B ratio of 1-2 is considered a minimum, but not sufficient prerequisite for protective film formation). Corrosion can be further significantly accelerated when aggressive electrolyte species such as chloride are present. 5,14 Alloying has been shown to modify surface film performance; 15 however, a detailed mechanistic understanding of how and why is frequently lacking.Extensive studies based on electrochemical assessment and surface film chemistry depth profiling of Mg alloys have been pursued by techniques such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] However, what is lacking is a detailed nano/micro structural level picture of the film nature and alloy/film interface regions, particularly with regards to segregation of...

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A model for the oxidation of Mg(0001) based upon LEED, AES, ELS and work function measurements

Cited by 93 publications

References 41 publications

Application of chemometric methods in Auger electron microanalysis of composites

Application of chemometric methods in Auger electron microanalysis of composites

Forward focusing of Auger and Kikuchi electrons for surface structure determination: Ni(100) and oxidized Mg(0001)

Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Aqueous Film Formation and Evolution on Magnesium Alloys

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